Authors : Prodipto Das; Md Rashedul Amin; Hasnain Mahamid; Srabanti Rani Kundu

Volume/Issue : Volume 11 - 2026, Issue 2 - February

Google Scholar : https://tinyurl.com/bddyf7ye

Scribd : https://tinyurl.com/2438perp

DOI : https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/26feb1417

Note : A published paper may take 4-5 working days from the publication date to appear in PlumX Metrics, Semantic Scholar, and ResearchGate.

Abstract : Stabilizing organic clay soils is pretty tough in geotechnical engineering because these soils are highly plastic, have low strength, and using common stabilizers like cement and lime often brings environmental concerns. This paper takes a close look at two new ways to stabilize soil using biological processes: Microbially Induced Calcite Precipitation (MICP) and Enzyme Induced Calcite Precipitation (EICP). This research looks closely at existing studies and experimental data to compare how well different sustainable options improve organic clay soil. The research uses supervised machine learning methods, like Random Forest, to build predictive models for soil stabilization. These models are based on key factors such as soil type, treatment concentration, curing time, and microstructural features. The results show that both MICP and EICP clearly improve the mechanical properties of soil. MICP can boost Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS) by anywhere from 10% to 66% depending on the soil type, while EICP helps bring down the liquid limit from 79% to 58.It goes up by 8% and increases the plastic limit from 30% to 47.8%Putting biochar into MICP (MICP-BIN) really changed things, increasing shear strength by 389.It was 5% higher than soil that hadn’t been treated. Using SEM, EDX, and XRD to look at the microstructure, it was clear that calcium carbonate precipitation was the main way the soil got stabilized. The crystals form and clump the soil particles together, which reduces the spaces between them. The machine learning models were able to predict pretty accurately how effective the treatments would be. Looking at which features mattered most, it turned out that calcium carbonate content, curing time, and the soil’s initial plasticity were the key factors. This study offers a basic framework for choosing and improving bio-cementation methods based on data to stabilize cohesive soil. It focuses on a sustainable way to reduce carbon emissions while improving geotechnical performance in infrastructure projects.

Keywords : MICP, EICP, Organic Clay Soil, Bio-Cementation, Soil Stabilization, Machine Learning, Calcium Carbonate Precipitation, Sustainable Geotechnics.

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