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A Model on Urban Migration of Informal Sector Workers: with Reference to India


Authors : S. N. Saha

Volume/Issue : Volume 11 - 2026, Issue 9 - September


Google Scholar : https://tinyurl.com/4usmu58u

DOI : https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/26sep833

Note : A published paper may take 4-5 working days from the publication date to appear in PlumX Metrics, Semantic Scholar, and ResearchGate.


Abstract : The informal economies in different countries have shown rapid growth since globalization[1] in 1990s[2]. A group of countries in Asia-Pacific, Latin America and Sub-Saharan Africa [3] have experienced growth in informal economy with a majority of non-agricultural work force. In India, while the rural sector is vulnerable (Srivastava & Vhatia, 2020) to seasonal fluctuations, the urban sector is better off. Thus, urban sector now-a-days comprises two sectors: i) formal and ii) informal for two separate categories of job-seekers. Formal sectors comprise I.T, manufacturing or Government jobs while informal sector consists of vast servicing activities (trade and commerce of low investment, hawking, gig works, domestic assistants and the like).

References :

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  2. OECD 20April,2003
  3. Statistical update on employment in Informal economy (ILO) June,2011
  4. R.B. Bhagat, urbanization in India: Trend, pattern, international Institute Population Sciences, May, 2018.
  5. Word Bank Blogs, Rise of informality in the tradable sector, Evidence from India,15July, 2015
  6. National Geographic Society, Industrialisation, Labour and Life, 30May,2025
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  21. Tikender Singh Panwar,  Challenges for India's informal urban workforce, The Hindu, April22,2026
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  29. PLFS2025 & India's labour market Transformation –Akka IAS Academy Dr. Venkanna Babu. G, livelihood for urban slams and economic growth Research Gate, Nov,2024
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  31. Digital Sansad, Govt. of India Min, of Rural Development 3Feb,2026
  32. Jason Fernando, Opportunity Cost: Definition, formula and examples, Investopedia
  33. SBI Bank, 10Dec, 2025,International Journal 16July,20

The informal economies in different countries have shown rapid growth since globalization[1] in 1990s[2]. A group of countries in Asia-Pacific, Latin America and Sub-Saharan Africa [3] have experienced growth in informal economy with a majority of non-agricultural work force. In India, while the rural sector is vulnerable (Srivastava & Vhatia, 2020) to seasonal fluctuations, the urban sector is better off. Thus, urban sector now-a-days comprises two sectors: i) formal and ii) informal for two separate categories of job-seekers. Formal sectors comprise I.T, manufacturing or Government jobs while informal sector consists of vast servicing activities (trade and commerce of low investment, hawking, gig works, domestic assistants and the like).

Paper Submission Last Date
31 - October - 2026

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