Authors : Kaviya P; Dhanushya P

Volume/Issue : Volume 9 - 2024, Issue 9 - September

Google Scholar : https://tinyurl.com/yc3yxct9

Scribd : https://tinyurl.com/4hdnwpb9

DOI : https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/IJISRT24SEP604

Note : A published paper may take 4-5 working days from the publication date to appear in PlumX Metrics, Semantic Scholar, and ResearchGate.

Abstract : Anaemia poses a significant public health challenge in India, particularly affecting vulnerable populations such as women of reproductive age and children. Defined by low hemoglobin levels, anaemia's prevalence is notably higher in rural areas compared to urban centers, reflecting disparities in healthcare access and nutritional intake. Iron deficiency is the predominant cause, accounting for a substantial proportion of cases, alongside deficiencies in vitamin B12, folate, and other micronutrients. The condition's multifactorial etiology includes dietary factors, genetic predispositions, and socio-economic determinants.Efforts to address anaemia include national supplementation programs, health education initiatives, and improvements in maternal and child healthcare services. Despite these measures, anaemia rates remain stubbornly high, impacting physical development, cognitive function, and overall productivity. Diagnostic strategies involve hematological tests to assess hemoglobin levels and nutrient status, enabling targeted interventions.Future research directions emphasize understanding regional variations, exploring novel interventions, and addressing underlying socio-economic factors to achieve sustained reductions in anaemia prevalence.

Keywords : Anaemia, Prevalence, Iron Deficiency, Vitamin B12, Folate, Public Health Interventions.

References :

1. Bellizzi, S., Pichierri, G., Napodano, C. M. P., Salaris, P., Fiamma, M., Fozza, C., &Cegolon, L. (2021). Iron deficiency anaemia and low BMI among adolescent girls in India: The transition from 2005 to 2015. Public Health Nutrition, 24(7), 1577-1582.
2. Bhadra, P., & Deb, A. (2020). A review on nutritional anemia. Indian Journal of Natural Sciences, 10(59), 18466-18474.
3. Chauhan, S., Kumar, P., Marbaniang, S. P., Srivastava, S., & Patel, R. (2022). Prevalence and predictors of anaemia among adolescents in Bihar and Uttar Pradesh, India. Scientific Reports, 12(1), 8197.
4. Das, B., Adhikary, M., Singha, S. R., & Parmar, D. (2024). Who is Anaemic in India? Intersections of class, caste, and gender. Journal of Biosocial Science, 1-23.
5. Givens, D. I., Anitha, S., &Giromini, C. (2024). Anaemia in India and Its Prevalence and Multifactorial Aetiology: A Narrative Review. Nutrients, 16(11), 1673
6. Khan, Y., & Banerjee, R. (2024). Exposure to air pollution as a risk factor for anaemia: a global scoping review. International Journal of Environmental Health Research, 1-13.
7. Kurpad, A., Laxmaiah, A., Chandak, G., Meshram, I., Raman, R., Sengupta, S., … & Ghosh, S. (2024). Anaemia and iron deficiency in India: a venous blood-based survey of adolescents, adults, and the elderly in eight states.
8. Larson, L. M., Thomas, T., Kurpad, A. V., Martorell, R., Hoddinott, J., Adebiyi, V. O., … & Neufeld, L. M. (2024). Predictors of anaemia in mothers and children in Uttar Pradesh, India. Public Health Nutrition, 27(1), e30.
9. Let, S., Tiwari, S., Singh, A., & Chakrabarty, M. (2024). Prevalence and determinants of anaemia among women of reproductive age in Aspirational Districts of India: an analysis of NFHS 4 and NFHS 5 data. BMC Public Health, 24(1), 437.
10. Minakshi, A. K., Mohan, C., Kumar, K., Dakua, S., Kumar, S., & Rani, D. (2023). Prevalence Of Anaemia In India: A Review. Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology, 27(3), 481-486.
11. Rathi, N., Kansal, S., Raj, A., Pedapanga, N., Joshua, I., & Worsley, A. (2024). Indian adolescents’ perceptions of anaemia and its preventive measures: Aqualitative study. Journal of Nutritional Science, 13, e9.
12. Sachdev, H. S., Porwal, A., Acharya, R., Ashraf, S., Ramesh, S., Khan, N., … & Sarna, A. (2021). Haemoglobin thresholds to define anaemia in a national sample of healthy children and adolescents aged 1–19 years in India: a population-based study. The Lancet Global Health, 9(6), e822-e831.
13. Sarna, A., Porwal, A., Ramesh, S., Agrawal, P. K., Acharya, R., Johnston, R., … & Saxena, R. (2020). Characterisation of the types of anaemia prevalent among children and adolescents aged 1–19 years in India: a population-based study. The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health, 4(7), 515-525.
14. Singh, A., Ram, S., Chandra, R., Tanti, A., Singh, S., & Kundu, A. (2024). A district-level geospatial analysis of anaemia prevalence among rural men in India, 2019-21. International Journal for Equsity in Health, 23(1), 9.