Open field/soil-based agriculture has faced significant difficulties since the dawn of civilization, chief among which is the decline in the amount of land available per person, per capita land was 0.5 ha in 1960 when there were 3 billion people on the planet. Today, there are 6 billion people, but that number will drop to 0.25 ha by 2050. Arable area under cultivation will continue to shrink as a result of increased urbanisation, industrialization, and iceberg melting. Once more, soil fertility has reached a saturation point, and more fertiliser application does not result in an improvement in productivity. The production of food using traditional soil-based agriculture is also threatened by factors such as low soil fertility in some cultivable areas, reduced chances of natural soil fertility build-up by microbes due to continuous cultivation, frequent drought conditions, unpredictable climate and weather patterns, rise in temperature, river pollution, poor water management and waste of enormous amounts of water

Keywords : Soil less medium, Techniques of hydroponic systems, Pest control, water conservation, nutrient management, Hydroponic market.