The introduction of the twenty-first century has started to automate and digitize different sectors to reduce human effort and ease day-to-day life. The recent advancement has introduced various technologies that offer a variety of services and applications. The Internet of Things (IoT) is a new and emerging technology that allows items to connect, perceive, and control each other remotely from anywhere in the globe. The integration of sensors and software in home appliances can play a crucial part in realizing smart cities, which rely on IoT to supply services without manual intervention while keeping the cost minimum. This paper represents a cost-efficient smart home automation system based on IoT technologies. The work integrates a NodeMCU and an Arduino-based microcontroller board that can incorporate cloud computing, networking, and wireless communication to access users’ home appliances to monitor and store sensor data through online servers or virtual assistants like virtual assistants Goggle assistant. As it allows a range of devices to be linked and controlled, this system is designed to be affordable, economical, and expandable.

Keywords : Internet of Things (IoT), Home automation, NodeMCU, Arduino, wireless communication, Google Assistant, Smart cities