Authors : Bilal Zia

Volume/Issue : Volume 10 - 2025, Issue 12 - December

Google Scholar : https://tinyurl.com/vjvsaz4d

Scribd : https://tinyurl.com/2a5x34n6

DOI : https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/25dec1133

Note : A published paper may take 4-5 working days from the publication date to appear in PlumX Metrics, Semantic Scholar, and ResearchGate.

Abstract : In medical aesthetic clinics, various skin rejuvenation procedures are performed to improve skin health and appearance. Among these, Hydrafacial treatment is widely used for skin cleansing and hydration. In recent years, Hydrafacial procedures have increasingly relied on advanced Hydrafacial machines that operate using multiple probes and combine electrical and mechanical energy for effective skin treatment. The paper presents the working principle of a Hydrafacial machine, with particular emphasis on the dermabrasion probe, which is one of the most frequently affected components during operation. The likelihood of mechanical faults in the machine increases with repeated clinical use and the number of treatments performed. The Hydrafacial procedure generally consists of three main stages: cleansing, hydration, and skin rejuvenation, where dermabrasion plays a critical role in deep skin cleansing. The dermabrasion probe functions by delivering serums onto the skin while simultaneously applying controlled suction to remove impurities. The internal operation of the Hydrafacial machine is based on a combination of pneumatic and hydraulic systems driven by electrical and mechanical energy. Key components include an air pump responsible for suction generation and a solenoid- based directional control valve that regulates airflow. The occurrence of dermabrasion-related faults is closely associated with the performance and internal condition of the air pump and the overall suction mechanism. The study focuses on analyzing the mechanical working of the dermabrasion system and identifying the causes of common faults, with the aim of improving operational reliability during Hydrafacial treatments.

Keywords : Hydrafacial Machine, Pneumatic System, Air Pump, Solenoid Valve, Fluid Flow Control, Air–Water Interaction, Mechanical Fault Analysis.

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