Aerosols, consisting of liquid and solid particles suspended in the air, have significant implications for public health, agriculture, visibility, and climate. This research focuses on managing surface air quality, particularly in the Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP), a major aerosols hotspot in India. Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) and particulate matter (PM2.5) and (PM10) are used as key indicators to assess air quality. The study analyzes aerosol variations before and after the nationwide lockdown imposed in India on March 24, 2020. While the lockdown significantly reduced aerosol levels due to suspended industrial, transportation, and construction activities, it is essential to investigate whether other factors, such as precipitation and fire, also influenced aerosol patterns. Data from four IGP stations, NASA's Aqua and Terra satellites, IMREG, and MODIS, were used for analysis. Results demonstrate a rapid reduction in aerosols after the lockdown, with PM10 experiencing a greater decrease. Spatial analysis indicates that precipitation and fire events contributed to lower AOD values in specific regions.In conclusion, the lockdown considerably improved air quality, but natural factors like precipitation and fires also influenced aerosol levels. Understanding these complexities is vital for formulating effective air quality management strategies.