Authors : Ranjana Rao; Ravendra Singh Chauhan; R. K. Pandey; Swatantra Singh; Vaibhav Tewari; Shyam Narayan Pandey

Volume/Issue : Volume 11 - 2026, Issue 2 - February

Google Scholar : https://tinyurl.com/c48c42st

Scribd : https://tinyurl.com/bdh7y5ep

DOI : https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/26feb880

Note : A published paper may take 4-5 working days from the publication date to appear in PlumX Metrics, Semantic Scholar, and ResearchGate.

Abstract : Groundwater serves as an essential source of consumable water and it is employed for water system, domestic requirements and different other operations. The Ghaghara stream, critical influent of the Ganga River, navigates a significant parcel of Northern Uttar Pradesh and is encouraged by multitudinous littler aqueducts. Research has demonstrated that the groundwater inside the Ghaghara receptacle and its tributaries is defiled with arsenic. To investigate the conc. of arsenic present in groundwater of Ghaghra river basin and its tributaries. Water samples were collected from different sources of Tubewell, River water. The water samples were then analysed through Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS)that confirms the presence of arsenic. This method utilizes Flow injection hydride generation technique. The tubewells in the district Basti, Gonda, Ayodhya shows arsenic content above 10 microgram per litre while the conc. in the sediments of Ghaghara river was 7.11mg per kg , while the Seti and Sharda river basin shows trace amount of arsenic. Kuano river ranges from 8-9 mg/l in contrast Saryu river has conc. of arsenic 7-8mg/l. In Rapti river basin its groundwater shows elevated arsenic conc. which is 399mg/l . This review article compiles the information on arsenic situations in the groundwater of the Ghaghara waterway and its tributaries as reported till date.

Keywords : Arsenic, Ghaghara River, Tributaries

References :

1. 1. Amit Mehrotra,A. Mishra et al. (2014) Mapping of arsenic contamination severity in Bahraich district of Ghagra basin, Uttar Pradesh, India;Geomatics, Natural Hazards and Risk,Vol.7 (1):Pages 101-112 .https://doi.org/10.1080/19475705.2013.871354
   2. Babar Ali Shah (2017) Groundwater arsenic contamination from parts of the Ghaghara Basin, India: influence of fluvial geomorphology and Quaternary morphostratigraphy;AppliedWaterScience,Vol.7:Pages2587-2595.https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13201-016-0459-3
   3. Chander Kumar Singh, Anand Kumar et al. (2018) Arsenic contamination in Rapti River Basin, Terai region of India; Journal of Geochemical Exploration,Vol.192:Pages120- 131.https://www.researchgate.net/publication/325864916_Arsenic_contamination_in_Rapti_River_Basin_Terai_region_of_India
2. 4. E.Shaji et al.(2021) Arsenic contamination of groundwater: A global synopsis with focusontheIndianPeninsula;GeoscienceFrontier,Vol.12(3).https://doi.org/10.1016/k.gsf.2020.08.015
   5. Gurung JK, Ishiga H, Khadka MS (2005) Geological and geochemical examination of arsenic contamination in groundwater in the Holocene Terai Basin, Nepal; Environ Geol , Vol.49: Pages 98-113https://www.researchgate.net/publication/308035431
   6. Gopal Sonkar (2023) Assessment of arsenic contamination in the Indian rivers; JournalofGlobalResources,Vol.9(01):Pages96107https://www.researchgate.net/publication/368294960
   7. Imran Khan, Mohd Usman Khanet al. (2023) Occurrence, speciation, and controls on arsenic mobilization in the alluvial aquifer system of the Ghaghara basin, India; EnvironmentalGeochemistryandHealth,Vol.45(11):Pages1-24.https://www.researchgate.net/publication/372722303
   8. Ramesh Raj Pant, Kiran Bishwakarma et al. (2021) Seasonal Variations and Health Risk Assessment of Trace Elements in Seti River Basin, Gandaki Province, Nepal; Bulletin of EnvironmentalContaminationandToxicology,Vol.107(3):Pages1-388.https://www.researchgate.net/publication/350830788
   9. Rajiva Mohan (2018) Ghaghara River System—Its Current Status and Value to Society ; The Indian Rivers: Pages 151-164.https://www.researchgate.net/publication/322205907
   10. Ravi et al. (2021) Nutrient chemistry and eutrophication risk assessment of the Ghaghara river; India. Water Supply, 21 (7): pp.3486-3502.https://doi.org/10.2166/ws.2021.110
   11. Sanjay Dwivedi, Seema Mishra et al. (2023) A comprehensive review on spatial and temporal variation of arsenic contamination in Ghaghara basin and its relation to probable incremental life time cancer risk in the local population; Journal of Trace ElementsinMedicineandBiology,Vol.80(7):127308.https://www.researchgate.net/publication/374129966
   12. Sonal Bindal, Anand Kumar et al. (2020) Geochemical, Topographical, and Meteorological Controls on Groundwater Arsenic Contamination in Sharda River Basin ofUttarPradesh,India;JournalofClimateChange,Vol.6(2):Pages71-87.https://www.researchgate.net/publication/344069171
3. 13. Sanjay Kumar, Govind Pandey et al. (2014) Assessment of Arsenic in Groundwater of Gorakhpur District in Uttar Pradesh (India) ;International Journal of Engineering Research&Technology(IJERT),Vol.3:Pages766-770.https://www.ijert.org/assessment-of-arsenic-in-groundwater-of-gorakhpur-district-in-uttar-pradesh-india.
   14. Shah (2014) Arsenic in groundwater sediments and suspended river sediments from the            middle Gangetic Basin, India, distribution, field relations and geomorphological setting;ArabJGeoscience,Vol.7:Pages3525-3536https://www.researchgate.net/publication/308035431
   15. Shah BA (2014) Arsenic in groundwater, sediments, and suspended river sediments from the Middle Gangetic Basin, India: distribution, field relations, and geomorphological setting. Arab J Geosci 7:3525–3536
   16. Shah BA (2014) Arsenic in groundwater, sediments, and suspended river sediments from the Middle Gangetic Basin, India: distribution, field relations, and geomorphological setting. Arab J Geosci 7:3525–3536
   17. Shah BA (2014) Arsenic in groundwater, sediments, and suspended river sediments from the Middle Gangetic Basin, India: distribution, field relations, and geomorphological setting. Arab J Geosci 7:3525–3536
   18. Tewari AP, Gaur RK (1977) Geological conditions of formation of pyrite-polymetallic deposits of the Himalaya and the Great Caucasus- a comparison; Him Geol,Vol.7: Pages 235-245.https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13201-016-0459-3

19. Vikram bhardwaj, Dhruv sen singh et al. (2010) Environmental repercussions of cane-sugar industries on the Chhoti Gandak river basin, Ganga Plain, India; Environmental Monitoring andAssessment,Vol.171: pages 321-344.https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10661-009-1281-2