Authors :
Sylvie Mugabekazi; Dr. Christophe Mupenzi
Volume/Issue :
Volume 8 - 2023, Issue 4 - April
Google Scholar :
https://bit.ly/3TmGbDi
Scribd :
https://bit.ly/3IpK06E
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8282677
Abstract :
Globally, as the human population expands and wage
levels rise, more resources are being used by humans
(Behrens et al., 2007; Dobbs et al., 2011). The global
ecosystem is under alarming pressure from pollution and the
natural resources scarcity to meet human needs. These
elements simultaneously have a significant impact on the
prices of energy and material goods as well as the volatility
of their market prices (Benton and Hazell, 2013; Defra,
2012; Ecorys, 2012). According to the OECD (2019), by
2060, the usage of primary materials will have doubled,
totaling 167 gigatons. By 2030, it is predicted that there will
be 2.59 billion tons of waste generated annually, and by
2050, there will be 3.40 billion tons of waste produced
globally (Ellen MacArthur Foundation, 2015). By balancing
goals for economic development and environmental
protection, the circular economy positions itself as the
answer to all of these problems and also a variety of
countermeasures have been suggested in order to seek more
sustainable development (WCED, 1987). Given that the
manufacturing sector is one of the most resource- and
environment-intensive sectors of the economy (Halstenberg
et al., 2017), this has an impact on not only consumer
behavior but also on industrial players, including
manufacturers.
Globally, as the human population expands and wage
levels rise, more resources are being used by humans
(Behrens et al., 2007; Dobbs et al., 2011). The global
ecosystem is under alarming pressure from pollution and the
natural resources scarcity to meet human needs. These
elements simultaneously have a significant impact on the
prices of energy and material goods as well as the volatility
of their market prices (Benton and Hazell, 2013; Defra,
2012; Ecorys, 2012). According to the OECD (2019), by
2060, the usage of primary materials will have doubled,
totaling 167 gigatons. By 2030, it is predicted that there will
be 2.59 billion tons of waste generated annually, and by
2050, there will be 3.40 billion tons of waste produced
globally (Ellen MacArthur Foundation, 2015). By balancing
goals for economic development and environmental
protection, the circular economy positions itself as the
answer to all of these problems and also a variety of
countermeasures have been suggested in order to seek more
sustainable development (WCED, 1987). Given that the
manufacturing sector is one of the most resource- and
environment-intensive sectors of the economy (Halstenberg
et al., 2017), this has an impact on not only consumer
behavior but also on industrial players, including
manufacturers.