Authors : Navinmuthu P.; Kalaivani M.; Nemika S.; Dr. S. Vinodhini

Volume/Issue : Volume 11 - 2026, Issue 4 - April

Google Scholar : https://tinyurl.com/bdfbxpx5

Scribd : https://tinyurl.com/mr4yyfhk

DOI : https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/26apr067

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Abstract : The increasing environmental concerns associated with non-biodegradable plastics have accelerated the search for sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives such as bioplastics. The present study focuses on the development and characterization of a biodegradable bioplastic derived from banana bracts (Musa paradisiaca), an under-utilized agricultural waste, blended with potato starch. The bioplastic was synthesized using banana bract paste, potato starch, glycerol as a plasticizer, and acetic acid under controlled heating conditions. The prepared films were evaluated through physical, chemical and mechanical analysis. Biodegradability studies revealed complete degradation within 30 days under soil burial conditions, demonstrating its environmentally begin nature. The material exhibited a water absorption capacity of 60% and water retention of 30%, indicating significant hydrophilic properties. Solubility analysis showed higher solubility in sugar solution (38%) and water (30%), suggesting strong interaction with polar solvents. Chemical composition analysis indicated cellulose (46%) as the predominant component, followed by lignin (24%) and hemicellulose (10%), contributing to structural integrity and biodegradability. FTIR analysis confirmed the presence of functional groups such as hydroxyl, carbonyl, and ether linkages, while XRD analysis revealed a semi-crystalline structure. SEM observations showed a porous and heterogeneous surface morphology, facilitating water absorption and microbial degradation. Furthermore, the developed bioplastic was successfully applied as a seedling pot for green gram and fenugreek, exhibiting improved moisture retention compared to conventional plastic pots. Overall, the study demonstrates that banana bract-based bioplastic is a cost-effective, biodegradable, and sustainable alternative for agricultural and eco-friendly packaging applications.

Keywords : Bioplastic, Banana Bract (Musa paradisiaca), Physical and Chemical Analysis, Sustainable Packaging.

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