Authors : EE Batavisoaniatsy; ZH Rakotoarivelo; AC Razafindrakoto; N Rasoatsimbarivelo; HD Rajaonatahina; ATTH Rabenandrianina

Volume/Issue : Volume 9 - 2024, Issue 4 - April

Google Scholar : https://tinyurl.com/s6tn5ff7

Scribd : https://tinyurl.com/38uj3n63

DOI : https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/IJISRT24APR1512

Note : A published paper may take 4-5 working days from the publication date to appear in PlumX Metrics, Semantic Scholar, and ResearchGate.

Abstract : Multiple myeloma is malignant proliferation of a plasma cell clones in the bone marrow. Incidence increases with age. We aimed to report biological aspects of multiple myeloma diagnosed at PZaGa Teaching Hospital, from 2016 to 2021. A 6-year retrospective, descriptive study was conducted including patient files underwent a bone marrow smears at Haematological laboratory. We included all patients diagnosed with myeloma on bone marrow smears with plasmacytosis more than 10%, associated with one or more CRAB criteria (hypercalcaemia, renal involvement, anaemia, bone lesion). Demographic, biological parameters were assessed. We enrolled 15 cases of multiple myeloma (2.5 cases per year). Mean age was 57.93 years, with sex ratio 1.5. Bone pain was the main clinical reason (80%). Anaemia was found in 66.7% of cases. Plasma cells infiltration range between 30 to 60% was found in 86.60%. Serum protein electrophoresis was performed in only 13.30% of cases (n=2), with a monoclonal peak in IgG. Hypercalcaemia was found in 33.30% of myeloma and 86.70% of patients developed renal failure. Practice of cytologic study of bone marrow smears by assessing plasma cell infiltration is a decisive step to diagnose multiple myeloma in this region of Madagascar.

Keywords : Mahajanga; Myelogram, Multiple Myeloma, Plasmacytosis.

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