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Bridging the Rate Gap: Unraveling its Impact on Bank Profitability in Bangladesh


Authors : Rafia Tasnim

Volume/Issue : Volume 11 - 2026, Issue 9 - September


Google Scholar : https://tinyurl.com/f5hxstey

DOI : https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/26sep150

Note : A published paper may take 4-5 working days from the publication date to appear in PlumX Metrics, Semantic Scholar, and ResearchGate.


Abstract : This study investigates the effect of interest rate spread (IRS) on the profitability of commercial banks in Bangladesh. The net interest margin (NIM) measures IRS; return on equity (ROE) and return on assets (ROA) are measures of profitability, net of bank size (SIZE); capital adequacy ratio (CAR); non-performing loans (NPL); and customer deposit growth (CDG). The panel data estimation method used for this study is Feasible Generalized Least Squares (FGLS), applied to panel data on conventional commercial banks for 135 bank-year observations from 2019 to 2023, with heteroskedasticity and first-order autocorrelation addressed.

Keywords : Interest Rate Spread; Net Interest Margin; Profitability; Return on Equity; Return on Assets; Commercial Banks.

References :

  1. Athanasoglou, P. P., Delis, M. D., & Staikouras, C. K. (2008). Determinants of bank profitability in the South Eastern European region. Journal of Financial Decision Making, 2, 1–17.
  2. Beck, T., & Hesse, H. (2009). Why are interest spreads so high in Uganda? Journal of Development Economics, 88(2), 192–204.
  3. Berger, A. N., & DeYoung, R. (1997). Problem loans and cost efficiency in commercial banks. Journal of Banking & Finance, 21(6), 849–870.
  4. Claessens, S., Coleman, N., & Donnelly, M. (2018). “Low-for-long” interest rates and banks’ interest margins and profitability: Cross-country evidence. Journal of Financial Intermediation, 35, 1–16.
  5. Demirgüç-Kunt, A., & Huizinga, H. (1999). Determinants of commercial bank interest margins and profitability: Some international evidence. The World Bank Economic Review, 13(2), 379–408.
  6. Gambacorta, L., & Shin, H. S. (2018). Why bank capital matters for monetary policy. Journal of Financial Intermediation, 35, 17–29.
  7. Ho, T. S. Y., & Saunders, A. (1981). The determinants of bank interest margins: Theory and empirical evidence. Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, 16(4), 581–600.
  8. Maudos, J., & Fernández de Guevara, J. (2004). Factors explaining the interest margin in the banking sectors of the European Union. Journal of Banking & Finance, 28(9), 2259–2281.
  9. Saunders, A., & Schumacher, L. (2000). The determinants of bank interest rate margins: An international study. Journal of International Money and Finance, 19(6), 813–832.

This study investigates the effect of interest rate spread (IRS) on the profitability of commercial banks in Bangladesh. The net interest margin (NIM) measures IRS; return on equity (ROE) and return on assets (ROA) are measures of profitability, net of bank size (SIZE); capital adequacy ratio (CAR); non-performing loans (NPL); and customer deposit growth (CDG). The panel data estimation method used for this study is Feasible Generalized Least Squares (FGLS), applied to panel data on conventional commercial banks for 135 bank-year observations from 2019 to 2023, with heteroskedasticity and first-order autocorrelation addressed.

Keywords : Interest Rate Spread; Net Interest Margin; Profitability; Return on Equity; Return on Assets; Commercial Banks.

Paper Submission Last Date
30 - September - 2026

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