Cultural Dimensions and its Effect on Accounting Practices: A Study of Selected Businesses in Calabar


Authors : Odumusor, Charles Joseph

Volume/Issue : Volume 10 - 2025, Issue 3 - March


Google Scholar : https://tinyurl.com/5n8zrtv8

Scribd : https://tinyurl.com/25aywjtf

DOI : https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/25mar278

Google Scholar

Note : A published paper may take 4-5 working days from the publication date to appear in PlumX Metrics, Semantic Scholar, and ResearchGate.

Note : Google Scholar may take 15 to 20 days to display the article.


Abstract : The primary goal of this study aimed to study the effect of cultural dimensions on accounting practices, specifically targeting a sample of firms located in Calabar, Cross River State. The general objectives included an examination of power distance effecting accounting practices across the sampled firms located in Calabar, Cross River State; an evaluation of the effect of individualism on accounting practices across these firms; and an analysis of uncertainty avoidance effecting accounting practices across these firms. The methodological approach used by this study included the descriptive survey method. The sample targeted included the accountancy unit of Lafarge Plc located in Calabar, consisting of 34 personnel, and Niger Mills Limited located in Calabar, consisting of 33 personnel. In this context, sample selection had relied on the census method. The study had only relied on the use of primary data, collected from sampled personnel via well-designed questionnaires. Analysis of data collected had relied on Ordinary Least Squares, enabled by the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS 27.0). The findings established by this study indicated that power distance influences accounting practices across sampled firms located in Calabar, Cross River State; individualism also has an effect on accounting practices across these firms; while uncertainty avoidance also has an effect on accounting practices across sampled firms located in Calabar, Cross River State. In line with these findings, it had been suggested, alongside other recommendations, that there ought to be reconsidering structuring organizational hierarchies so as to address the power distance, established by this study as significantly prominent across researched firms.

Keywords : Cultural Dimensions, Accounting Professionals, Accounting Practices.

References :

  1. Baydoun N., & Willett R. (2015). Islamic Corporate Reports, “Abacus”, 36 (1), 71–90.
  2. Baydoun, N., &Willett, R. (1995). Cultural Relevance of Western Accounting Systems to Developing Countries. Abacus, 31(1), 67-92.
  3. Belkaoui, A. (2022). International and Multinational Accounting.
  4. Belkaoui, A. R., & Picur, R. D. (2021). Cultural Determinism and the Perception of Accounting Concepts. The International Journal of Accounting, 26, 118-130.
  5. Borker, D. E. (2022). Accounting, Culture, and Emerging Economies: IFRS in the BRIC Countries. Journal of Business and Economics Research, 10(5), 313–324.
  6. Chanchani, S., & Willett, R. (2014), An Empirical Assessment of Gray’s Accounting Value Constructs. The International Journal of Accounting, 39, 125-154.
  7. Cohen, J., Pant, L., & Sharp, D. (2019). Culture-Based Ethical Conflicts Confronting Multinational Accounting Firms. Accounting Horizons, 7(3), 1-14.
  8. Doupnik, T. S., & Richter, M. (2013). The Impact of Culture on the Interpretation of “In Context” Verbal Probability Expressions. Journal of International Accounting Research, 3, 1-20.
  9. Eddie, I. A. (1990). Asia Pacific Cultural Values and Accounting Systems. Asia Pacific International Management Forum, 16, 22-30.
  10. Finch, N. (2019). Towards an Understanding of Cultural Influence on the International Practice of Accounting. Journal of International Business and Cultural Studies, 1-6.
  11. Francis, E. C., & Okenwa, C. O. Y. (2015). The Influence of Cultural Values on Accounting Practice in Nigeria. Developing Country Studies, 5(3), 110-121.
  12. Gierusz, J., & Koleśnik, K. (2019). The Influence of Culture on Disclosures in Financial Statements Prepared Under International Financial Reporting Standards. Zeszyty Teoretyczne Rachunkowości, Stowarzyszenie Księgowych tom, 101(157), 111−132.
  13. Gray, S. J. (1988). Towards a Theory of Cultural Influence on the Development of Accounting Systems Internationally. ABACUS, 24(I), 1–15.
  14. Gujarathi, D. N. (2018). Basic Econometrics. New Delhi, India: Tata McGraw-Hill Education.
  15. Hall, E. T. (1959). The Silent Language. New York, NY: Doubleday.
  16. Hamid, S., Craig, R., & Clarke, F. (2013). Religion: A Confounding Cultural Element in the International Harmonization of Accounting. Abacus, 29(2), 131-148.
  17. Haniffa R., & Cooke T. E. (2022). Culture, Corporate Governance and Disclosure in Malaysian Corpora-tions, “Abacus”, 38(3), 317–349.
  18. Hofstede, G. (1980). Culture’s Consequences: International differences in Work-Related Values, London: Sage Publications.
  19. Hofstede, G. (1984). The Cultural Relativity of the quality of Life Concept, 9(3), 389–398.
  20. Hofstede, G. (1991). Cultures and Organizations: Software of the Mind. London, UK: McGraw-Hill.
  21. Hofstede, G. (2001). Culture’s consequences: Comparing Values, Behaviours, Institutions, and Organizations across Nations (2nd Ed.). Thousand Oaks, Sage.
  22. Hofstede, G. (2004). Culture and Organizations: Software of the mind, (2nd  Ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.
  23. Hofstede, G., Hofstede, G. J., & Minkov, M. (2010). Cultures and Organizations Software of the Mind (Rev. 3rd Ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.
  24. Jaggi, B., & Low, P. Y. (2020). Impact of Culture, Market Forces, and Legal System on Financial Disclosures. The International Journal of Accounting, 35, 495-519.
  25. Khlif, H. (2016). Hofstede’s Cultural Dimensions in Accounting Research: A Review, 22(4).
  26. Lim, J. (2014). The Role of Power Distance and Explanation Facility in Online Bargaining Utilizing Software Agents. Journal of Global Information Management, 12(2), 27-43.
  27. Lin, Z., & Wang, L. (2021). Financial Disclosure and Accounting Harmonization: Cases of three Listed Companies in China. Managerial Auditing Journal, 16, 263-273.
  28. Lucchese, M. (2020). Country-Specific Institutional Effects on Non-Financial Disclosure Level: Evidence from European Listed Banks. Corporate Ownership and Control, 17(4), 166-181.
  29. Markus, H., & Kitayama, S. (2021). Culture and Self: Implications for Cognition, Emotion, and Motivation. Psychological Review, 98(2), 224-253.
  30. Matsumoto, D., & Juang, L. (2020). Culture and Psychology, (3rd Ed.). Wadsworth/Thomson Learning, Belmont.
  31. Mueller, G. G. (1965). International Accounting. The International Executive, 9(4), 1-2.
  32. Salter, S. B. & Niswander, F. (1995). Cultural Influence on the Development of Accounting Systems Internationally: A Test of Gray's (1988) Theory. Journal of International Business Studies, 26, 379-397.
  33. Schutte, D., & Buys, P. (2021). Cultural Considerations and the Implementation of IFRS: A Focus on Small and Medium Entities. Journal of Social Sciences, 26(1), 19–27.
  34. Schwartz, S.H. (1992). Universals in Content and Structure of Values: Theoretical Advances and Empirical Tests of 20 Countries. In MP Zanna (Ed.). Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, 1-65: San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
  35. Sevilengül, O. (2016). Genel Muhasebe Tek Düzen Muhasebe Sistemi İle Uyumlu, Gazi Kitabevi, Ankara.
  36. Singelis, T. M., & Brown, W. J. (2015). Culture, Self, and Collectivist Communication: Linking Culture to Individual Behaviour. Human Communication Research, 21(3), 354-389.
  37. Sudarwan, M., & Fogarty, T. J. (1996). Culture and Accounting in Indonesia: An Empirical Examination. The International Journal of Accounting, 31, 463-481.
  38. Te’eni, D. (2021), A Cognitiveaffective Model of Organizational Communication for Designing IT. MIS Quarterly, 25(2), 251-312.
  39. Triandis, M. (1995). A Framework for the Analysis of Firm risk Communication. The International Journal of Accounting, 39, 265-288.
  40. Tsui, J. S. L. (2001). The Impact of Culture on the Relationship between Budgetary Participation, Management Accounting Systems, and Managerial Performance: An Analysis of Chinese and Western Managers. The International Journal of Accounting, 36, 125-146.
  41. Violita, E. S., Syahroza, A., & Nasution, M. E. (2014). Peran Mediasi Institusional Budaya Terhadap Hubungan Nilai Budaya Dan Pengungkapan Nilai Islam. Jurnal Akuntansi Dan Keuangan Islam Indonesia, 11(2), 200–221.
  42. Widyastuti, S. M., Adam, M., & Meutia, I. (2018). The Disclosure of Sustainability Reporting in Banking in Hofstede’s Cultural Dimension. International Journal of Economics, Commerce and Management, 6(10), 43-57.
  43. Wingate, M. L. (1997). An Examination of Cultural Influence on Audit Environments. Research in Accounting Regulation, 1, 129-148.
  44. Zahid, R. M., Țaran, A., & Simga-Mugan, F. N. C. (2018). Cultural Values and Financial Reporting Practices: Contemporary Tendencies in Eastern European Countries. Eastern Journal of European Studies, 9(2), 89-107.

The primary goal of this study aimed to study the effect of cultural dimensions on accounting practices, specifically targeting a sample of firms located in Calabar, Cross River State. The general objectives included an examination of power distance effecting accounting practices across the sampled firms located in Calabar, Cross River State; an evaluation of the effect of individualism on accounting practices across these firms; and an analysis of uncertainty avoidance effecting accounting practices across these firms. The methodological approach used by this study included the descriptive survey method. The sample targeted included the accountancy unit of Lafarge Plc located in Calabar, consisting of 34 personnel, and Niger Mills Limited located in Calabar, consisting of 33 personnel. In this context, sample selection had relied on the census method. The study had only relied on the use of primary data, collected from sampled personnel via well-designed questionnaires. Analysis of data collected had relied on Ordinary Least Squares, enabled by the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS 27.0). The findings established by this study indicated that power distance influences accounting practices across sampled firms located in Calabar, Cross River State; individualism also has an effect on accounting practices across these firms; while uncertainty avoidance also has an effect on accounting practices across sampled firms located in Calabar, Cross River State. In line with these findings, it had been suggested, alongside other recommendations, that there ought to be reconsidering structuring organizational hierarchies so as to address the power distance, established by this study as significantly prominent across researched firms.

Keywords : Cultural Dimensions, Accounting Professionals, Accounting Practices.

Never miss an update from Papermashup

Get notified about the latest tutorials and downloads.

Subscribe by Email

Get alerts directly into your inbox after each post and stay updated.
Subscribe
OR

Subscribe by RSS

Add our RSS to your feedreader to get regular updates from us.
Subscribe