Authors :
Patel Jatin R.; Dr. Ujashkumar Shah; Dr. Anar J. Patel
Volume/Issue :
Volume 10 - 2025, Issue 9 - September
Google Scholar :
https://tinyurl.com/3d6kxzrm
Scribd :
https://tinyurl.com/3cft527z
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/25sep1529
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Abstract :
Introduction:
Nanosponges are tiny sponges that can circulate in the body to reach the specific site and binds on the surface to
release the drug in a controlled and predictable manner. Nanosponges exhibit a porous structure in nature which has the
unique ability to entrap the drug moieties and offers a merit of desire release. Flurbiprofen, a BCS class II medication with
low solubility (8 mg/L) and high permeability (Log P = 3.80), is seen to be a good option for nanosponge formulation in
order to address issues including short half-life, limited bioavailability, and stomach side effects.
Objectives:
To Control/ modify release of drug at specific site and hence dose and dose frequency can be decreased thereby
obtaining greater therapeutic efficacy. To Show better in-vitro release/ diffusion performance than conventional dosage
forms.
Methods:
Flurbiprofen loaded Nanosponges were prepared using the Quasi Emulsion solvent diffusion method, and the main
effect, interaction effects, and quadratic effects were evaluated using 32 FFD (Quality by Design) using Design Expert
Software (VR 10.0.1). Drug:Polymer (X1) and Stirring Speed (X2) were chosen as independent variables with low,
medium, and high values to maximize the Nanosponges. %Yield (Y1), % Drug Content (%) (Y2) and %CDR (Y3) were
the dependent variables.
Results:
Optimised Flurbiprofen Nanosponges (C1) were having 93.74±1.20 CDR in 12 hrs which clearly indicates better in
vitro release/diffusion than conventional dosage form as well as shows better patient compliance. Also, it indicates
controlled release pattern at specific site in reduced dose frequency.
Keywords :
Flurbiprofen, Nanosponges, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Quality by Design Approach, 32 Factorial Design.
References :
- Brunda S. et. al. (2021) Formulation & Evaluation of Oxiconazole Nitrate Loaded Nanosponges. World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 11(3): 28-40. DOI:10.30574/wjarr.2021.11.3.0405
- Gangadhara R. et. al. (2021) Formulation & Invitro Characterization of Ketorolac Loaded Nanosponges. International Journal of Research in Pharmacy & Chemistry, 11(3): 99-101. DOI:10.33289/IJRPC.09.7.2021.11(35)
- Raytthatha N. et. al. (2021) Development of benzoyl peroxide loaded nanosponges gel. National Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. 1(2): 25-29.
- Omar S. M. et. al. (2020) Formulation and evaluation of cyclodextrin-based nanosponges of griseofulvin as pediatric oral liquid dosage form for enhancing bioavailability and masking bitter taste. Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal. 28: 349-361. DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2020.01.016
- Ibrahim F. et. Al. (2020) Formulation and evaluation of cyclodextrin-based nanosponges of griseofulvin as pediatric oral liquid dosage form for enhancing bioavailability and masking bitter taste. Sciencedirect- SJP. 28(3): 1-30. DOI:10.1016/j.jsps.2020.01.016
- Moin F. et. al. (2020) Design and formulation of polymeric nanosponge tablets with enhanced solubility for combination therapy. Royal Society of Chemistry. 10: 34869-34884. DOI: 10.1039/d0ra06611g
- Abbas N. et. al. (2019) Nanosponge-based hydrogel preparation of fluconazole for improved topical delivery. Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research February. 18 (2) : 215-222. DOI: 10.4314/tjpr.v18i2.1
- Borge U. R. et. al. (2019) Formulation & Evaluation of Gliclazide Nanosponges. International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics. 11(6): 181-189. DOI:10.22159/ijap.2019v11i6.35006
- Sri K. V. et. al. (2018) Formulation and Evaluation of Rutin Loaded Nanosponges. Asian Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences. 8(1): 1-17. DOI: 10.5958/2231-5659.2018.00005.X
Introduction:
Nanosponges are tiny sponges that can circulate in the body to reach the specific site and binds on the surface to
release the drug in a controlled and predictable manner. Nanosponges exhibit a porous structure in nature which has the
unique ability to entrap the drug moieties and offers a merit of desire release. Flurbiprofen, a BCS class II medication with
low solubility (8 mg/L) and high permeability (Log P = 3.80), is seen to be a good option for nanosponge formulation in
order to address issues including short half-life, limited bioavailability, and stomach side effects.
Objectives:
To Control/ modify release of drug at specific site and hence dose and dose frequency can be decreased thereby
obtaining greater therapeutic efficacy. To Show better in-vitro release/ diffusion performance than conventional dosage
forms.
Methods:
Flurbiprofen loaded Nanosponges were prepared using the Quasi Emulsion solvent diffusion method, and the main
effect, interaction effects, and quadratic effects were evaluated using 32 FFD (Quality by Design) using Design Expert
Software (VR 10.0.1). Drug:Polymer (X1) and Stirring Speed (X2) were chosen as independent variables with low,
medium, and high values to maximize the Nanosponges. %Yield (Y1), % Drug Content (%) (Y2) and %CDR (Y3) were
the dependent variables.
Results:
Optimised Flurbiprofen Nanosponges (C1) were having 93.74±1.20 CDR in 12 hrs which clearly indicates better in
vitro release/diffusion than conventional dosage form as well as shows better patient compliance. Also, it indicates
controlled release pattern at specific site in reduced dose frequency.
Keywords :
Flurbiprofen, Nanosponges, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Quality by Design Approach, 32 Factorial Design.
