Authors : Rovshan X. Tursunov; Ziyodullo K. Buvaraimov; Fayzulla N. Nurkulov

Volume/Issue : Volume 11 - 2026, Issue 9 - September

Google Scholar : https://tinyurl.com/bdkdnast

DOI : https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/26sep1062

Note : A published paper may take 4-5 working days from the publication date to appear in PlumX Metrics, Semantic Scholar, and ResearchGate.

Abstract : This study focuses on improving the fire-technical and mechanical performance of decorative polymer composite materials based on unsaturated polyester resin. CaCO₃, SiO₂, marble granules, Ammophos, and, in selected formulations, Al(OH)₃ were used as functional fillers and flame-retardant additives. Four compositions (Polyester-1 to Polyester-4) were evaluated by limiting oxygen index (LOI), UL-94 vertical burning classification, time to ignition (TTI), total heat release (THR), flexural behavior, and tensile properties. All formulations achieved UL-94 V-0. LOI increased from 27.8 to 35.4%, TTI increased from 24 to 41 s, and THR decreased from 76 to 58 MJ/m². Polyester-3 exhibited the highest flexural load capacity together with substantial deformability, whereas Polyester-4 produced the strongest fireperformance indicators. The results show that a combined mineral-phosphorus-aluminum-hydroxide system can be used to balance fire safety and service performance in decorative construction composites. The proposed formulations are promising for artificial marble, decorative slabs, interior wall panels, and related finishing elements.

Keywords : Unsaturated Polyester Resin; Polymer Composite; Decorative Material; Flame Retardancy; Ammophos; Aluminum Hydroxide; CaCO₃; SiO₂; Limiting Oxygen Index; Mechanical Strength.

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