Authors :
Nalini. M; Veera Raghavulu; B, Annapurna. A; Chandi Vishala. T
Volume/Issue :
Volume 7 - 2022, Issue 10 - October
Google Scholar :
https://bit.ly/3TmGbDi
Scribd :
https://tinyurl.com/4y2hkpnk
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8354910
Abstract :
Diabetic retinopathy is a major cause of
blindness in adults and diabetes is one of the reasons for
retinal changes.Though there are several molecular
mechanisms causing diabetic retinopathy (DR) such as
polyol pathway, protein kinase pathway, role of oxidative
stress, inflammation and many more. But the exact
mechanism by which diabetes causing diabetic
retinopathy is not known yet. Although the treatment and
development of new therapeutic strategies are less in
India, it became necessary to work more on
pharmacological mechanisms involved in diabetic
retinopathy and therapeutic targets for the reducing the
vision loss due to DR in countries like India. The aim of
this paper is to introduce the pharmacological pathways
that are involved in the development of a diabetic
retinopathy namely increased expression several
molecular factors such as vascular endothelial growth
factor (VEGF), Intracellular adhesion molecule (ICAM),
inflammation and free radicals are discussed in this
paper. The recent advancements in molecular
mechanisms, retinal cell survival and the new therapeutic
targets for the treatment of diabetic retinopathy are
discussed in this review.
Keywords :
Diabetic Retinopathy (DR), Intra cellular adhesion molecule (ICAM-1), Vascular endothelium growth factor (VEGF), Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF), oxidative stress.
Diabetic retinopathy is a major cause of
blindness in adults and diabetes is one of the reasons for
retinal changes.Though there are several molecular
mechanisms causing diabetic retinopathy (DR) such as
polyol pathway, protein kinase pathway, role of oxidative
stress, inflammation and many more. But the exact
mechanism by which diabetes causing diabetic
retinopathy is not known yet. Although the treatment and
development of new therapeutic strategies are less in
India, it became necessary to work more on
pharmacological mechanisms involved in diabetic
retinopathy and therapeutic targets for the reducing the
vision loss due to DR in countries like India. The aim of
this paper is to introduce the pharmacological pathways
that are involved in the development of a diabetic
retinopathy namely increased expression several
molecular factors such as vascular endothelial growth
factor (VEGF), Intracellular adhesion molecule (ICAM),
inflammation and free radicals are discussed in this
paper. The recent advancements in molecular
mechanisms, retinal cell survival and the new therapeutic
targets for the treatment of diabetic retinopathy are
discussed in this review.
Keywords :
Diabetic Retinopathy (DR), Intra cellular adhesion molecule (ICAM-1), Vascular endothelium growth factor (VEGF), Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF), oxidative stress.
