Authors : Nitika

Volume/Issue : Volume 10 - 2025, Issue 8 - August

Google Scholar : https://tinyurl.com/555asf6n

Scribd : https://tinyurl.com/mrpmjzbe

DOI : https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/25aug053

Note : A published paper may take 4-5 working days from the publication date to appear in PlumX Metrics, Semantic Scholar, and ResearchGate.

Note : Google Scholar may take 30 to 40 days to display the article.

Abstract : The effect of light on the growth of green plants is a fundamental aspect of plant physiology with critical implications for agriculture, horticulture, and ecosystem dynamics. This study investigates how varying light intensities and wavelengths influence the growth rate, biomass accumulation, and chlorophyll content of green plants. Controlled experiments were conducted using several plant species exposed to different light conditions, including full-spectrum sunlight, red, blue, and low-intensity artificial lighting. The results indicate that blue and red light significantly enhance photosynthesis and biomass production compared to low-intensity or non-optimal light spectra. Moreover, light intensity was found to be directly proportional to growth rate up to a saturation point, beyond which growth plateaued or declined due to photo inhibition. These findings underscore the importance of optimizing light conditions in both natural and artificial growing environments to maximize plant productivity. The study contributes to a deeper understanding of plant responses to light, offering valuable insights for improving crop yields and developing efficient indoor farming systems.

Keywords : Light Intensity, Photosynthesis, Plant Growth, Chlorophyll, Wavelengths.

References :

1. Blackman, F. F. (1905). Optima and limiting factors. Annals of Botany, 19, 281–295.
2. Taiz, L., Zeiger, E., Møller, I. M., & Murphy, A. (2015). Plant Physiology and Development (6th ed.). Sinauer Associates.
3. Hopkins, W. G., & Hüner, N. P. A. (2009). Introduction to Plant Physiology (4th ed.). Wiley.
4. Wang, Y., & Folta, K. M. (2013). Contributions of green light to plant growth and development. American Journal of Botany, 100(1), 70–78.
5. Hogewoning, S. W., et al. (2010). Blue light dose–responses of leaf photosynthesis, morphology, and chemical composition of Cucumis sativus grown under different combinations of red and blue light. Journal of Experimental Botany, 61(11), 3107–3117.
6. Li, Q., & Kubota, C. (2009). Effects of supplemental light quality on growth and phytochemicals of baby leaf lettuce. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 67(1), 59–64.
7. Massa, G. D., Kim, H. H., Wheeler, R. M., & Mitchell, C. A. (2008). Plant productivity in response to LED lighting. HortScience, 43(7), 1951–1956.
8. Kim, H. H., Goins, G. D., Wheeler, R. M., & Sager, J. C. (2004). Green-light supplementation for enhanced lettuce growth under red- and blue-light-emitting diodes. HortScience, 39(7), 1617–1622.
9. Bula, R. J., et al. (1991). Light-emitting diodes as a radiation source for plants. HortScience, 26(2), 203–205.
10. Johkan, M., et al. (2012). Effect of green light wavelength and intensity on photomorphogenesis and photosynthesis in Lactuca sativa. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 75, 128–133.
11. Yeh, N., & Chung, J. P. (2009). High-brightness LEDs—Energy efficient lighting sources and their potential in indoor plant cultivation. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 13(8), 2175–2180.
12. Ouzounis, T., Rosenqvist, E., & Ottosen, C. O. (2015). Spectral effects of artificial light on plant physiology and secondary metabolism: a review. HortScience, 50(8), 1128–1135.
13. Chen, X. L., Guo, W. Z., Xue, X. Z., Wang, L. C., & Qiao, X. J. (2014). Growth and quality responses of 'Green Oak Leaf' lettuce to different intensities of red LED light. Scientia Horticulturae, 168, 70–75.
14. Chory, J. (2010). Light signal transduction: an infinite spectrum of possibilities. The Plant Journal, 61(6), 982–991.
15. Dorais, M. (2003). The use of supplemental lighting for vegetable crop production: light intensity, crop response, nutrition, crop management, cultural practices. Canadian Greenhouse Conference Proceedings.
16. Dueck, T. A., et al. (2012). Growth of tomato under hybrid LED and HPS lighting systems. Acta Horticulturae, 956, 335–342.
17. Franklin, K. A., & Quail, P. H. (2010). Phytochrome functions in Arabidopsis development. Journal of Experimental Botany, 61(1), 11–24.
18. Islam, M. A., Kuwar, G., Clarke, J. L., Blystad, D. R., Gislerød, H. R., Olsen, J. E., & Torre, S. (2012). Artificial light from light emitting diodes (LEDs) with a high proportion of blue light results in shorter stems and thicker leaves compared to high pressure sodium (HPS) lamps. Scientia Horticulturae, 147, 136–143.
19. Nelson, J. A., & Bugbee, B. (2014). Economic analysis of greenhouse lighting: light emitting diodes vs. high intensity discharge fixtures. PLOS ONE, 9(6), e99010.
20. Smith, H. (2000). Phytochromes and light signal perception by plants—An emerging synthesis. Nature, 407(6804), 585–591.