Authors : Aishwaryav; A. P. Nishad Begum

Volume/Issue : Volume 11 - 2026, Issue 1 - January

Google Scholar : https://tinyurl.com/yc5yv78z

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DOI : https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/26jan799

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Abstract : Background: International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/26jan799 ABSTRACT Diabetes can affect the tear film due to chronic hyper glycemia and reduced corneal sensitivity, leading to dry eye symptoms. Poor glycemic control and longer duration of diabetes further worsen tear quantity and quality. Assessing tear film changes helps in early detection and better ocular management in diabetic patients.  Aim: To evaluate tear film quantity and quality in diabetic patients compared to non-diabetics, with reference to duration of diabetes.  Methodology: This comparative study was conducted at Shridevi Institute of Allied Health Sciences from March to November 2025, including 56 participants—28 diabetics and 28 age-matched non-diabetic controls selected through systematic random sampling. After consent, each subject underwent Schirmer’s test, TBUT, and fluorescein staining to assess tear film quantity and quality. Results were compared between diabetic groups based on HbA1c and duration, and with nondiabetic control.  Result: Diabetic participants showed significantly lower Schirmer’s and TBUT values compared to non-diabetics, indicating reduced tear quantity and stability. Higher HbA1c levels were associated with poorer tear film function, showing that diabetes negatively affects the tear film.  Conclusion: Diabetes significantly reduces tear film quantity and stability, increasing the risk of dry eye. Poor glycemic control further worsens these changes, highlighting the need for regular tear film quantity and quality evaluation in diabetic patients.

Keywords : Diabetes Mellitus, Glycemic Control, HbA1c, Tear Film, Schirmer’s Test, Tbut, Fluorescein Staining, Dry Eye.

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