Authors :
Dr. Mehrin Samed; Dr. Nashwa Abdul Gaffoor; Dr. Babitha V; Dr. Padma B Prabhu
Volume/Issue :
Volume 6 - 2021, Issue 10 - October
Google Scholar :
http://bitly.ws/gu88
Scribd :
https://bit.ly/3BYgpuI
Abstract :
Anemia has been identified as a risk factor
for Diabetic Retinopathy, a leading cause of blindness
worldwide. However the "at risk" values of hemoglobin
in prognosticating diabetic retinopathy has not been
defined. This study intends to evaluate the relation
between level of hemoglobin and type and severity of
diabetic retinopathy among type 2 DM.
Methodology: design - descriptive cross sectional study;
duration-6months, study setting- tertiary care hospital in
North Kerala, study population- type II DM Patients,
age> 40years with diabetic retinopathy, sample size-87
cases. Variables - gender, age, duration of disease, stages
of Retinopathy, Hb, HbA1C, RFT. p value <0.05
considered as statistically significant. Data analyzed
using chi square and one way anova with PASW
statistics 18.0.0.
Results: Male female ratio=1.2:1. Mean age - 59.83 ±
6.201, mean duration of disease- 11.06± 5.564. Mean Hb
was 11.65 ± 1.89. 81.6% of subjects were anemic. 50.6%
subjects had PDR and others had NPDR. 69% of
patients had maculopathy. Anemia was more prevalent
in PDR patients and those with maculopathy . Among
NPDR and PDR, anemic had severe disease. The mean
Hb values showed a statistically significant relationship
with type and severity of retinopathy irrespective of
gender and nephropathy. Mean Hb and type of
retinopathy had a statistically significant relationship
among subjects with poor glycemic control. The lower
mean Hb related to male gender and normal HbA1c
values among maculopathy cases.
Conclusion: Lower hemoglobin values correlated with
the severity of diabetic retinopathy and presence of
maculopathy independent of gender and presence of
nephropathy. Correcting anemia and maintaining a
normal Hb value may delay the onset and progression of
diabetic retinopathy and maculopathy in type 2 diabetic
adults.
Keywords :
Diabetic Retinopathy, Nephropathy, Anemia, Maculopathy.
Anemia has been identified as a risk factor
for Diabetic Retinopathy, a leading cause of blindness
worldwide. However the "at risk" values of hemoglobin
in prognosticating diabetic retinopathy has not been
defined. This study intends to evaluate the relation
between level of hemoglobin and type and severity of
diabetic retinopathy among type 2 DM.
Methodology: design - descriptive cross sectional study;
duration-6months, study setting- tertiary care hospital in
North Kerala, study population- type II DM Patients,
age> 40years with diabetic retinopathy, sample size-87
cases. Variables - gender, age, duration of disease, stages
of Retinopathy, Hb, HbA1C, RFT. p value <0.05
considered as statistically significant. Data analyzed
using chi square and one way anova with PASW
statistics 18.0.0.
Results: Male female ratio=1.2:1. Mean age - 59.83 ±
6.201, mean duration of disease- 11.06± 5.564. Mean Hb
was 11.65 ± 1.89. 81.6% of subjects were anemic. 50.6%
subjects had PDR and others had NPDR. 69% of
patients had maculopathy. Anemia was more prevalent
in PDR patients and those with maculopathy . Among
NPDR and PDR, anemic had severe disease. The mean
Hb values showed a statistically significant relationship
with type and severity of retinopathy irrespective of
gender and nephropathy. Mean Hb and type of
retinopathy had a statistically significant relationship
among subjects with poor glycemic control. The lower
mean Hb related to male gender and normal HbA1c
values among maculopathy cases.
Conclusion: Lower hemoglobin values correlated with
the severity of diabetic retinopathy and presence of
maculopathy independent of gender and presence of
nephropathy. Correcting anemia and maintaining a
normal Hb value may delay the onset and progression of
diabetic retinopathy and maculopathy in type 2 diabetic
adults.
Keywords :
Diabetic Retinopathy, Nephropathy, Anemia, Maculopathy.
