Authors : Dr. Arishasri Sundaramoorthy; Vignesh Rajappan; Renuga Durisamy; Rammohan Ravi; Vasantharaman Chandramohan; Bharathi Balakrishnan; Thirupathi sekar; Ananth kathalingam

Volume/Issue : Volume 10 - 2025, Issue 12 - December

Google Scholar : https://tinyurl.com/3b47k34x

Scribd : https://tinyurl.com/57ame72s

DOI : https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/25dec989

Note : A published paper may take 4-5 working days from the publication date to appear in PlumX Metrics, Semantic Scholar, and ResearchGate.

Abstract : Effervescent tablets are specialized oral dosage forms that have gained significant popularity in both pharmaceutical preparations and dietary supplement formulations due to their rapid disintegration and enhanced patient acceptability. These tablets contain a combination of acidic components such as citric or tartaric acid and alkaline components like sodium bicarbonate, which react in the presence of water to release carbon dioxide. The liberation of CO2 improves the solubility and palatability of the formulation, resulting in a clear, flavoured solution that is easy to administer, particularly for geriatric, paediatric, and dysphagic patients who have difficulty swallowing conventional tablets. Despite the advantages, effervescent tablets require careful selection and balance of excipients including binders, fillers, sweeteners, polymers, and water-soluble lubricants to maintain stability and prevent premature effervescent reactions. They are highly sensitive to moisture; therefore, manufacturing must be carried out under controlled environmental conditions, typically below 25°C and low humidity, with moisture-protective packaging to ensure product integrity. Various manufacturing methods such as wet granulation, dry granulation, direct compression, and advanced granulation technologies are utilized to produce tablets with suitable mechanical strength and dissolution properties. Quality evaluation parameters including hardness, friability, effervescence time, pH, moisture content, and uniformity of content are essential for ensuring therapeutic performance. Although effervescent tablets provide rapid onset of action, improved taste, and patient compliance, challenges such as higher production cost and specialized equipment requirements remain. Continued advancements in formulation and process technologies are supporting the growing application and commercial importance of effervescent tablet systems.

Keywords : Effervescent Tablets; Acid–Base Reaction; Bioavailability; Manufacturing Techniques; Patient Compliance.

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