Authors :
Shirelyn T. Galaroza; Dr. Remigilda D. Gallardo
Volume/Issue :
Volume 11 - 2026, Issue 4 - April
Google Scholar :
https://tinyurl.com/3zvb5f6p
Scribd :
https://tinyurl.com/2vjtceam
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/26apr659
Note : A published paper may take 4-5 working days from the publication date to appear in PlumX Metrics, Semantic Scholar, and ResearchGate.
Abstract :
This study aimed to understand how micromanagement affects teachers’ professional autonomy, motivation, and
creativity, while identifying the coping mechanisms they employ and the insights that can guide more empowering
management practices. A qualitative phenomenological design was utilized to capture the real experiences of 10 elementary
teachers in Magpet, North Cotabato. Using purposive sampling, ten teachers participated in in-depth interviews (IDIs) and
focus group discussions (FGDs) guided by semi-structured questions. Data were analyzed using Braun and Clarke’s (2006)
six-step thematic analysis, ensuring trustworthiness through triangulation, member checking, and reflexivity. The study
revealed four major challenges brought by micromanagement: loss of professional autonomy, increased work stress, feelings
of being undervalued and distrusted, and limited opportunities for innovation. Teachers coped by seeking autonomy in
classroom-level decisions, practicing self-care, building peer support networks, and integrating creativity within
administrative boundaries. Insights showed that teachers regain confidence through small independent actions, manage
pressure through self-care, find strength in peer relationships, and sustain creativity even within institutional rules. Findings
highlight the importance of supportive leadership that balances accountability with trust and empowerment. School heads
and policymakers should recognize that excessive control diminishes teacher motivation and innovation.
Keywords :
Empowered, Restricted Teachers’ Voices, Micromanagement in Schools.
References :
- Aljabri, B. S., & Alharthy, A. H. (2025). Perceptions of Micromanagement: Insights from the Saudi Labor Market. Journal of Ecohumanism, 4(1), 1159–1179. Retrieved from https://ecohumanism.co.uk/joe/ecohumanism/article/download/5922/5965/14687Ecohumanism
- ATLAS.ti. (2023). Preparing a Research Interview | Step-by-step Guide. Retrieved fromhttps://atlasti.com/guides/interview-analysis-guide/preparing-aresearch-interview
- Baeder, J. (2021). Instructional Leadership Without Micromanaging. The Principal Center. Retrieved from https://www.principalcenter.com/instructional-leadership-without-micromanaging/
- Bakker, A. B., & Demerouti, E. (2017). Job demands–resources theory: Taking stock and looking forward. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 22(3), 273-285. https://doi.org/10.1037/ocp0000056
- Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2019). Reflecting on reflexive thematic analysis. Qualitative Research in Sport, Exercise and Health, 11(4), 589–597. https://doi.org/10.1080/2159676X.2019.1628806
- Bwalya, A. (2024). Micromanagement: A Comprehensive Analysis. Global Scientific Journal, 12(7). Retrieved from https://www.globalscientificjournal.com/researchpaper/MICROMANAGEMENT_A_COMPREHENSIVE_ANALYSIS.pdfGlobal Scientific Journal+1ResearchGate+1
- Caise, T. L., & Tucker, J. P. (2023). Exploring the Impact of Micromanagement Leadership in Remote Work Environments. Business Management Research and Applications: A Cross-Disciplinary Journal, 1(1). Retrieved from https://bmrajournal.columbiasouthern.edu/index.php/bmra/article/view/6703/5675https://bmrajournal.columbiasouthern.edu+1https://leadership.wei-sen.de+1
- Caruz, M. J. N. (2024). Innovative Work Behavior of Principals and Organizational Effectiveness of Public Schools in Davao City. Pedagogy Review: An International Journal of Educational Theories, Approaches and Strategies, 14-18.
- Connelly, L. M. (2016). Trustworthiness in qualitative research. MEDSURG Nursing, 25(6), 435-436.
- Creswell, J. W. (1998). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five traditions. Sage Publications.
- Creswell, J. W., & Poth, C. N. (2018). Qualitative Inquiry and Research Design: Choosing Among Five Approaches (4th ed.). Sage Publications. Retrieved from https://uk.sagepub.com/sites/default/files/upm-assets/130264_book_item_130264.pdf
- Delve. (n.d.). What is phenomenological research design?. Retrieved from https://delvetool.com/blog/phenomenology
- Deakin University. (2023). Phenomenology - qualitative study design. Retrieved from https://deakin.libguides.com/qualitative-study-designs/phenomenology
- Etikan, I., & Bala, K. (2019). Sampling and sampling methods. Biometrics & Biostatistics International Journal, 8(1), 1–3.
- Fisher, C. M., Amabile, T. M., & Pillemer, J. (2021). How to Help (Without Micromanaging). Harvard Business Review. Retrieved from https://hbr.org/2021/01/how-to-help-without-micromanagingHarvard Business Review
- Fordham Institute. (2022). Policymakers must remember that micromanaging schools is typically a suboptimal strategy. Thomas B. Fordham Institute. Retrieved from https://fordhaminstitute.org/ohio/commentary/policymakers-must-remember-micromanaging-schools-typically-suboptimal-strategy
- Galindez, J. P., Arias, J. P., & Bragas, C. M. (2024). Micromanagement on Employee Performance: A Killer or Motivator. International Journal for Research Trends in Social Science & Humanities, 2(4), 312-339. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/384443720_Micromanagement_on_Employee_Performance_A_Killer_or_MotivatorResearchGate
- Galindez, J. P., Arias, J. P., & Bragas, C. M. (2024). Micromanagement on Employee Performance: A Killer or Motivator. International Journal for Research Trends in Social Science & Humanities, 2(4), 312–339. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/384443720_Micromanagement_on_Employee_Performance_A_Killer_or_ Motivator Research Gate
- Gawronski, O., Bajwa, N. M., & Tekian, A. (2023). Micromanagement in Clinical Supervision: A Scoping Review. BMC Medical Education, 23(1). Retrieved from https://bmcmededuc.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12909-023-04543-3BioMed Central
- Giorgi, A. (2009). The Descriptive Phenomenological Method in Psychology. Duquesne University Press.
- Lincoln, Y. S., & Guba, E. G. (1985). Naturalistic Inquiry. Sage Publications. Retrieved from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yvonna_Sessions_Lincoln
- Lincoln, Y. S., & Guba, E. G. (1985). Naturalistic Inquiry. Sage Publications.
- LoopPanel. (2023). Triangulation in Qualitative Research: A Comprehensive Guide. Retrieved from https://www.looppanel.com/blog/triangulation-in-qualitative-researchLooppanel+1Looppanel+1
- LoopPanel. (2023). Understanding In-Depth Interviews: A Comprehensive Guide To Qualitative Research. Retrieved from https://www.looppanel.com/blog/understanding-in-depth-interviews-a-comprehensive-guide-to-qualitative-researchVoxpopme+2Looppanel+2Looppanel+2
- Malangen, A. D. (2023). The Level of Effectivity of Micromanagement Among the Teachers and Middle Managers in the Basic Education. Psychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 8, 648-658.
- McGregor, L., & Doshi, N. (2022). Micromanagement and Its Impact on Millennial Followership Styles. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 43(7), 1023-1038. Retrieved from https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/LODJ-07-2022-0329/full/htmlEmerald
- Morris, J. (2022). A Plea to End Teacher Micromanaging. Teacher Misery. Retrieved from https://teachermisery.com/teacher-micromanaging.
- Neubauer, B. E., Witkop, C. T., & Varpio, L. (2019). How phenomenology can help us learn from the experiences of others. Perspectives on Medical Education, 8(2), 90–97.
- Nyumba, T. O., Wilson, K., Derrick, C. J., & Mukherjee, N. (2018). The use of focus group discussion methodology: Insights from two decades of application in conservation. Methods in Ecology and Evolution, 9(1), 20-32. https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-210X.12860British Ecological Society Journals
- Okafor, C., & Osita, I. (2023). Understanding the Counterproductive Effects of Micromanagement in Leadership Using the Lenses of Subordinates/Employees. International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science, 7(3), 123-130. Retrieved from https://rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/articles/under
- Palinkas, L. A., Horwitz, S. M., Green, C. A., Wisdom, J. P., Duan, N., & Hoagwood, K. (2015). Purposeful sampling for qualitative data collection and analysis in mixed method implementation research. Administration and Policy in Mental Health and Mental Health Services Research, 42(5), 533–544. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10488-013-0528-y
- Phillips, D. C., & Burbules, N. C. (2000). Postpositivism and Educational Research. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. Retrieved from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Postpositivism
- Poepsel, M. A. (2024). 10 Simple Strategies to Mitigate Micromanagement and Become a Better Leader. LinkedIn. Retrieved from https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/10-simple-strategies-mitigate-micromanagement-become-poepsel-phd-m0z2eLinkedIn
- Pretorius, L. (2021). Demystifying Research Paradigms. Retrieved from https://www.lynettepretorius.com/the_scholars_way_blog/demystifying-research-paradigms/
- Quibod, C.P., Bentayao, G.J & Cagape, W (2024). School head's management practices on policy changes in Davao City: MATATAG curriculum implementation in focus. (2024). EPRA International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research (IJMR), 10(4), 1-7.
- Ramos, B. F., & Malangen, A. D. (2023). The Level of Effectivity of Micromanagement Among the Teachers and Middle Managers in the Basic Education. Psychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 8, 648-658.
- Redline Group. (2023). The Damaging Impact of Micromanagement and How to End It. Retrieved from https://www.redlinegroup.com/insight-details/the-damaging-impact-of-micromanagement-and-how-to-end-itRedline Group
- Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2017). Self-determination theory: Basic psychological needs in motivation, development, and wellness. Guilford Publications. https://doi.org/10.1521/978.14625/28806
- Shenton, A. K. (2004). Strategies for ensuring trustworthiness in qualitative research projects. Education for Information, 22(2), 63-75. https://doi.org/10.3233/EFI-2004-22201
- Shuford, J. A. (2021). Micromanagement: The Enemy of Staff Morale. Corrections Today. Retrieved from https://www.aca.org/common/Uploaded%20files/Publications_Carla/Docs/Corrections%20Today/2019%20Articles/CT%20Sept-Oct%202019_Micromanagement-the%20enemy-of-staff-morale_John%20A%20Shuford.pdfACAAI
- Smith, J. A., Flowers, P., & Larkin, M. (2009). Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis: Theory, Method and Research. SAGE Publications.
- Wendler, W. (2022). Micromanagement | Reflections On Higher Education. Walter Wendler. Retrieved from https://walterwendler.com/2022/06/micromanagement-2/
This study aimed to understand how micromanagement affects teachers’ professional autonomy, motivation, and
creativity, while identifying the coping mechanisms they employ and the insights that can guide more empowering
management practices. A qualitative phenomenological design was utilized to capture the real experiences of 10 elementary
teachers in Magpet, North Cotabato. Using purposive sampling, ten teachers participated in in-depth interviews (IDIs) and
focus group discussions (FGDs) guided by semi-structured questions. Data were analyzed using Braun and Clarke’s (2006)
six-step thematic analysis, ensuring trustworthiness through triangulation, member checking, and reflexivity. The study
revealed four major challenges brought by micromanagement: loss of professional autonomy, increased work stress, feelings
of being undervalued and distrusted, and limited opportunities for innovation. Teachers coped by seeking autonomy in
classroom-level decisions, practicing self-care, building peer support networks, and integrating creativity within
administrative boundaries. Insights showed that teachers regain confidence through small independent actions, manage
pressure through self-care, find strength in peer relationships, and sustain creativity even within institutional rules. Findings
highlight the importance of supportive leadership that balances accountability with trust and empowerment. School heads
and policymakers should recognize that excessive control diminishes teacher motivation and innovation.
Keywords :
Empowered, Restricted Teachers’ Voices, Micromanagement in Schools.