Direct Current (DC) microgrids have received a lot of attention due to their advantages over traditional Alternating Current (AC) grids, such as enhanced efficiency, higher power quality, and lower losses. The state of charge (SoC) is an important indicator for energy management in a DC microgrid that connects to the utility grid bidirectionally. We describe an energy management system for a DC microgrid with bidirectional power flow with the utility grid in this paper. The SoC of the battery determines how much energy can be stored and discharged from the battery. The mathematical equations for SoC in the proposed energy management system are presented in this study. Further, The analysis is done for both grid-connected mode and islanded mode. Various system attributes and situations are used to assess the proposed statement. The simulation results show that the proposed system can successfully regulate the energy flow in the microgrid and achieve the desired objectives.

Keywords : DC Microgrids, Energy Management System, State of Charge