Engagement and Satisfaction in the Workplace: A Millennial and Gen Z Perspective from APEC Schools Educators


Authors : Maria Regina B. Hernaez

Volume/Issue : Volume 9 - 2024, Issue 5 - May

Google Scholar : https://shorturl.at/v5J3s

Scribd : https://shorturl.at/2RE6A

DOI : https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/IJISRT24MAY638

Abstract : This research explores the engagement and job satisfaction levels of millennial and Generation Z educators within the NTC-APEC Schools, focusing on the specific factors influencing these metrics. In the face of growing burnout among educators, which impacts both their wellbeing and educational outcomes, this study seeks to uncover the relational dynamics between work engagement, job satisfaction, and prevalent work environment factors. Using a comprehensive survey distributed among 75 educators, the research analyzes the complex interplay of personal values, workplace culture, and structural empowerment on employee satisfaction and engagement. Results suggest a significant prevalence of burnout, emphasizing an urgent need for organizational strategies that address the unique work preferences and stressors associated with younger generational cohorts. The study aims to inform policy-making and strategic HR planning within educational institutions to foster environments that enhance satisfaction and reduce turnover, thereby improving educational outcomes and workplace morale.

Keywords : Work Engagement, Job Satisfaction, Burnout.

References :

  1. Achmad, L. I., Noermijati, N., & Rofiaty, R. (2023). Job satisfaction and employee engagement as mediators of the relationship between talent development and intention to stay in generation Z workers. Journal of Professional Management. Retrieved from Agora
  2. Agarwal, H., & Vaghela, P. (2018). Work Values of Gen Z: Bridging the Gap to the Next Generation. Innovative Business Practices in 21st Century. ResearchGate. Available at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/334400459_WORK_VALUES_OF_GEN_ZBridging_the_Gap_to_the_Next_Generation
  3. Ajina, A., Japutra, A., Nguyen, B., & Syed Alwi, S. F. (2019). The importance of CSR initiatives in building customer support and loyalty: Evidence from Saudi Arabia. Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics. Retrieved from Emerald Insight.
  4. Al-Mamary, Y. H., & Alshallaqi, M. (2022). Impact of Autonomy, Innovativeness, Risk-Taking, Proactiveness, and Competitive Aggressiveness on Students' Intention to Start a New Venture. Journal of Innovation & Knowledge, 7(3), 195-204. Available at ScienceDirect.
  5. Anderson, R. J., Thompson, L. W., & Singh, P. K. (2023). Transformational leadership and technology integration: A review of organizational benefits and challenges. Journal of Business and Technology, 12(1), 34-56.
  6. Bakker, A.B., & Demerouti, E. (2017). Job demands-resources theory: Taking stock and looking forward. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 22(3), 273-285.
  7. Bass, B. M. (1999). Two Decades of Research and Development in Transformational Leadership. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 8(1), 9-32. DOI: 10.1080/135943299398410.
  8. Becker, H. A., & Van den Bos, A. A. (1984). Between Autonomy and Integration: A Social Impact Assessment in Higher Education. Impact Assessment, 2(4), 227-243. Available at Taylor & Francis Online.
  9. Biong, H. (1993). Satisfaction and loyalty to suppliers within the grocery trade. European Journal of Marketing, 27(7). Retrieved from Ingenta Connect.
  10. Brezina, T., & Azimi, A. M. (2018). Social support, loyalty to delinquent peers, and offending: An elaboration and test of the differential social support hypothesis. Deviant Behavior, 39(8), 1045-1061. Retrieved from Taylor & Francis Online.
  11. Brown, A., & Lee, M. (2018). Understanding the factors influencing burnout and job satisfaction in educators. Journal of Educational Psychology, 110(3), 582-595.
  12. Cable, D. M., & DeRue, D. S. (2002). The convergent and discriminant validity of subjective fit perceptions. Journal of Applied Psychology, 87(5), 875-884.
  13. Clark, B. (2019). Measuring job satisfaction and organizational culture in the education sector. Education Management Review, 34(2), 154-168.
  14. Cohen, J., et al. (2003). Applied Multiple Regression/Correlation Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences. 3rd Ed., New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum.
  15. Davis, R., & Green, T. (2021). Work-life balance: A comparative study of millennials' expectations. Journal of Human Resources, 56(1), 83-99.
  16. Doe, J. (2021). Statistical methods for educational research. Academic Press.
  17. Finegan, J. E. (2000). The impact of person and organizational values on organizational commitment. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 73(2), 149-169.
  18. Fute, A., Oubibi, M., Sun, B., Zhou, Y., & Xiao, W. (2022). Work values predict job satisfaction among Chinese teachers during COVID-19: The mediation role of work engagement. Sustainability, 14(3). https://doi.org/10.3390/su14031353
  19. García, G. A., Gonzales-Miranda, D. R., & Gallo, O. (2019). Employee involvement and job satisfaction: A tale of the millennial generation. Employee Relations. DOI: 10.1108/ER-04-2018-0100
  20. Gaviria Hoyos, M. (2022). The moderating effect of meaningful work in the relationship between work passion and individual work performance. Utrecht University. Retrieved from https://studenttheses.uu.nl/bitstream/handle/20.500.12932/42247/Thesis%20Melissa%20Gaviria%20Hoyos%207274505.pdf?sequence=1
  21. Gilbert, S., Wiener, K., & McMurray, A. (2010). Work-life balance: The roles of work-family conflict and work-family facilitation. Personnel Review, 39(5), 582-603.
  22. Givens, R. J. (2008). Transformational Leadership: The Impact on Organizational and Personal Outcomes. Emerging Leadership Journeys. Retrieved from Regent University.
  23. Hagos, D. H., & Rawat, D. B. (2022). Recent Advances in Artificial Intelligence and Tactical Autonomy: Current Status, Challenges, and Perspectives. Sensors, 22(24), 9916. Available at MDPI.
  24. Harter, J. K., Schmidt, F. L., & Hayes, T. L. (2002). Business-unit-level relationship between employee satisfaction, employee engagement, and business outcomes: A meta-analysis. Journal of Applied Psychology, 87(2), 268-279.
  25. Hay, I. (2006). Transformational Leadership: Characteristics and Criticisms. E-journal of Organizational Learning and Leadership. Retrieved from Academia.edu.
  26. Hernandez, M., Noval, L. J., & colleagues. (2015). How leaders can create intergenerational systems to promote organizational sustainability. Organizational Dynamics, 44(3), 202-210. Available at academia.edu.
  27. Homrig, M. A. (2001). Transformational Leadership. CAP University. Retrieved from CAP's Official Site.
  28. Indrayani, I. G. A. P. W., & Supartha, I. W. G. (2023). A systematic approach to resourceful work engagement among millennials: Harnessing personal resources. International Journal of Business Studies. Retrieved from https://publisher.unimas.my/ojs/index.php/IJBS/article/view/5959
  29. Johnson, M., & Lee, A. (2022). Leading the digital transformation in education: A review of leadership roles in technology integration. Educational Management Administration & Leadership, 50(4), 769-785.
  30. Jones, M., & Harris, A. (2019). Data collection methods in educational research. Sage Publications.
  31. Kanter, R.M. (1993). Men and women of the corporation: New edition. Basic Books.
  32. Kim, E., Kim, H., & Lee, T. (2024). How Are New Nurses Satisfied with Their Jobs? From the Work Value Perspective of Generations Y and Z. BMC Nursing, BioMed Central. Available at: https://bmcnurs.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12912-024-01928-7
  33. Kim, S. (2020). Advanced correlation analysis in educational data. Statistics in Education, 45(1), 35-50.
  34. Kim, Y., & Park, J. (2020). The role of organizational support in the millennial workforce's loyalty. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 41(3), 273-289.
  35. Kline, R.B. (2011). Principles and Practice of Structural Equation Modeling. New York: Guilford Press.
  36. Kowske, B. J., Rasch, R., & Wiley, J. (2010). Millennials’ (lack of) attitude problem: An empirical examination of generational effects on work attitudes. Journal of Business and Psychology, 25(2), 265-279.
  37. Laschinger, H. K., Almost, J., & Tuer-Hodes, D. (2001). Workplace empowerment and the quality of work-life balance. Journal of Nursing Administration, 31(5), 250-262.
  38. Lee, C., & Carter, S. (2019). The determinants of job satisfaction among millennials. Journal of Career Development, 46(2), 150-164.
  39. Lin, T. C., Hsu, J. S. C., Cheng, H. L., & Chiu, C. M. (2012). Exploring individuals' loyalty to online support groups from the perspective of social support. PACIS 2012 Proceedings. Retrieved from CORE.
  40. Lopez, S., & White, S. (2022). Multiple regression techniques in educational research. Journal of Educational Methodology, 39(4), 210-225.
  41. Maslach, C., & Leiter, M.P. (2016). Understanding the burnout experience: Recent research and its implications for psychiatry. The World Psychiatry, 15(2), 103-111.
  42. Ngotngamwong, R. (2020). A study of millennial job satisfaction and retention. Human Behavior, Development & Society. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/344270585_A_Study_of_Millennial_Job_Satisfaction_and_Retention
  43. Nguyen, D. (2021). Path analysis in psychology: Techniques and examples. Psychological Methods, 26(1), 70-85.
  44. Omar, M. N., & Ismail, S. N. (2020). Mobile Technology Integration in the 2020s: The Impact of Technology Leadership in the Malaysian Context. Universal Journal of Educational Research. Retrieved from ResearchGate
  45. Patel, S., & Kumar, V. (2023). Leadership in technology-driven markets: Challenges and strategies for successful integration. Journal of Technology Management & Innovation, 18(2), 88-104.
  46. Pollack, J. M., Ho, V. T., O'Boyle, E. H., Jr., & Vallerand, R. J. (2020). Passion at Work: A Meta-Analysis of Individual Work Outcomes. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 41(4), 311-331. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.2434
  47. Purba, S. D., & Ananta, A. N. D. (2018). The effects of work passion, work engagement and job satisfaction on turnover intention of the millennial generation. Jurnal Manajemen and Pemasaran Jasa. Retrieved from https://e-journal.trisakti.ac.id/index.php/jasa/article/view/2954
  48. Puspitasari, A. S., & Darwin, M. (2021). Effect of work-life balance and welfare level on millennial employee performance through work engagement. International Journal of Social Sciences. Retrieved from http://download.garuda.kemdikbud.go.id/article.php?article=2510758&val=23933
  49. Radulescu, M. M., Ghinea, V. M., & colleagues. (2018). Intergenerational gap dynamics. Proceedings of the International Conference on Business Excellence, 12(1), 1003-1015. DOI: 10.2478/picbe-2018-0074.
  50. Rizzi, F., Chabanne-Rive, J., & Valax, M. (2024). Empowering Generation Z: Achieving a Healthy Work-Life Interface. In Work-Life Inclusion: Broadening Perspectives (pp. 1004). Emerald Publishing Limited.Retrieved from : https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/978-1-80382-219-820241004/full/html
  51. Rødseth, Ø. J., Nesheim, D. A., & Rialland, A. (2023). The Societal Impacts of Autonomous Ships: The Norwegian Perspective. In Autonomous Vessels in a Human World (pp. 203-217). Springer. Available at Springer Link.
  52. Ros, M., Schwartz, S. H., & Surkiss, S. (1999). Basic individual values, work values, and the meaning of work. Applied Psychology: An International Review, 48(1), 49-71.
  53. Schmitz, M. L., Antonietti, C., Consoli, T., & Cattaneo, A. (2023). Transformational leadership for technology integration in schools: Empowering teachers to use technology in a more demanding way. Computers & Education. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2023.104381
  54. Schwarzer, R., et al. (1997). Health Psychology: A Discipline and a Profession. The University of Chicago Press.
  55. Singh, A., & Dangmei, J. (2016). Understanding the Generation Z: The future workforce. South-Asian Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies, 3(3), 1-5.
  56. Smith, A., & Jones, B. (2020). Work engagement among millennials: The value of autonomy and feedback. Journal of Business Psychology, 35(4), 567-580.
  57. Smith, J. (2020). Recruitment strategies in educational settings. Journal of Educational Administration, 58(1), 9-24.
  58. Smith, M. A., Jones, F. F., & Ward, P. W. (2012). Changing managerial authority and empowerment: strategy's effect on organizational structure and work-life balance. Corporate Management Review, 22(4), 58-80.
  59. Sofiah, D., Hartono, M., & Christian, F. (2023). The effect of self-efficacy and meaningfulness of work on organizational citizenship behavior of millennial lecturers: The role of work engagement. Journal of Positive School Psychology. Retrieved from http://repository.ubaya.ac.id/45044/
  60. Spector, P.E. (1992). Job Satisfaction: How People Feel About Their Jobs and How It Affects Their Performance. New York: Springer.
  61. Taibah, D., & Ho, T.C.F. (2023). The Moderating Effect of Flexible Work Option on Structural Empowerment and Generation Z Contextual Performance. Behavioral Sciences, 13(3), 266. MDPI. Retrieved from: https://www.mdpi.com/2076-328X/13/3/266
  62. Taylor, S., Lee, H., & Patel, D. (2017). Work engagement in the teaching profession: A cross-sectional study. Journal of Teacher Education, 68(3), 263-278.
  63. Thompson, H., & Gregory, B. (2018). Transformational leadership and the millennial generation: An exploration of fit. Leadership Quarterly, 29(1), 42-56.
  64. Tost, L. P., Hernandez, M., & colleagues. (2008). Pushing the boundaries: A review and extension of the psychological dynamics of intergenerational conflict in organizational contexts. Research in Personnel and Human Resources Management, 27, 39-88. Available at emerald.com.
  65. Twenge, J. M. (2010). A review of the empirical evidence on generational differences in work attitudes. Journal of Business and Psychology, 25(2), 201-210.
  66. Waltz, L. A., Munoz, L., & Weber Johnson, H. (2020). Exploring job satisfaction and workplace engagement in millennial nurses. Journal of Nursing Management. DOI: 10.1111/jonm.12981
  67. Wiroko, E. P. (2017). Meaningful work and organizational citizenship behavior among lecturers: The mediating role of work passion. Jurnal Psikologi, 44(3), 204-216. Retrieved from http://download.garuda.kemdikbud.go.id/article.php?article=2442467&val=12796&title=Meaningful%20work%20and%20organizational%20citizenship%20behavior%20among%20lecturers%20The%20mediating%20role%20of%20work%20passion
  68. http://download.garuda.kemdikbud.go.id/article.php?article=2442467&val=12796&title=Meaningful%20work%20and%20organizational%20citizenship%20behavior%20among%20lecturers%20The%20mediating%20role%20of%20work%20passion

This research explores the engagement and job satisfaction levels of millennial and Generation Z educators within the NTC-APEC Schools, focusing on the specific factors influencing these metrics. In the face of growing burnout among educators, which impacts both their wellbeing and educational outcomes, this study seeks to uncover the relational dynamics between work engagement, job satisfaction, and prevalent work environment factors. Using a comprehensive survey distributed among 75 educators, the research analyzes the complex interplay of personal values, workplace culture, and structural empowerment on employee satisfaction and engagement. Results suggest a significant prevalence of burnout, emphasizing an urgent need for organizational strategies that address the unique work preferences and stressors associated with younger generational cohorts. The study aims to inform policy-making and strategic HR planning within educational institutions to foster environments that enhance satisfaction and reduce turnover, thereby improving educational outcomes and workplace morale.

Keywords : Work Engagement, Job Satisfaction, Burnout.

Video Explanation for Published paper

Never miss an update from Papermashup

Get notified about the latest tutorials and downloads.

Subscribe by Email

Get alerts directly into your inbox after each post and stay updated.
Subscribe
OR

Subscribe by RSS

Add our RSS to your feedreader to get regular updates from us.
Subscribe