Authors : Ramielyn C. Yap; Belen L. Dominguiano

Volume/Issue : Volume 11 - 2026, Issue 3 - March

Google Scholar : https://tinyurl.com/d2eyj2xr

Scribd : https://tinyurl.com/2s3h5yjd

DOI : https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/26mar1257

Note : A published paper may take 4-5 working days from the publication date to appear in PlumX Metrics, Semantic Scholar, and ResearchGate.

Abstract : This study examined the use of instructional materials in preschool education, focusing on their types, effectiveness, challenges, and possible innovations to enhance teaching-learning engagement. Specifically, it sought to determine the different instructional materials employed by preschool teachers, how they assess effectiveness, the level of effectiveness of such materials, the challenges encountered, and the innovative materials that may be proposed. Using a descriptive research design, data were gathered from ten preschool teachers through survey questionnaires and supported by related studies. Results revealed that flashcards, charts, and storybooks were used by all teachers (100%), while posters, digital tools, worksheets, and real-life objects were employed by nine teachers (90%), videos and songs by eight teachers (80%), and manipulatives by six teachers (60%). Teachers assessed effectiveness through learner participation, intended outcomes, and developmental appropriateness, with high mean scores ranging from 4.03 to 4.56, all interpreted as “Often Done.” The level of effectiveness of instructional materials was also high, with visual materials obtaining an overall mean of 4.57, manipulatives 4.51, and digital tools 4.38, all rated “Effective” to “Very Effective.” Despite this, challenges included limited preparation time (100%), frequent damage (100%), insufficient financial resources (90%), unstable internet connectivity (80%), lack of training (70%), classroom management difficulties (70%), limited administrative support (50%), and difficulty in finding appropriate resources (40%). To address these, the study proposed interactive storybook kits, durable modular manipulatives, offline digital resource banks, culturally localized realia boxes, classroom learning stations, and professional development resource packs to ensure sustainable, engaging, and developmentally appropriate preschool learning experiences.

Keywords : Innovative Learning Materials, Enhancing Teaching, Challenges, Effectiveness, Learning Engagement.

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