Authors :
Dr. Gottam Sravya; Dr. Matta Mounica
Volume/Issue :
Volume 9 - 2024, Issue 4 - April
Google Scholar :
https://tinyurl.com/mum63fdp
Scribd :
https://tinyurl.com/3dn4xwvv
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/IJISRT24APR1831
Abstract :
Introduction
Patients often present with ulcero-proliferative
lesions of the oropharynx and oral cavity in the
outpatient department (OPD). These lesions have a
negative impact on the patients' health, so it's critical to
make an accurate diagnosis and administer the right
care.
Aim of the Study:
To determine the proportion of patients who exhibit
different ulcero-proliferative lesions clinical
characteristics in the oropharynx and oral cavity.
Patients and Methodology:
This is prospective study done at Department of
ENT, Guntur Medical College, spanning a period of 18
months. This study included patients with ulcero-
membranous lesions in the oropharynx and oral cavity,
regardless of age. This study excluded Patients who had
radiation therapy soon before developing the illness and
who had traumatic injuries but no infection. Detailed
history including personal, family and medical history
were noted. Local and general examination was done.
Selected patients were subjected to investigations like
routine blood investigations, gram stain, albert’s stain,
KOH mount, culture and sensitivity, peripheral smear,
serology, FNAC, HPE, USG, chest x ray, CT neck, MRI.
Results
In the current study, men dominated women
(65.69%) and the most prevalent age group participating
was 41–60 years old (45.09%). The most typical
symptoms of the throat were odynophagia, burning
sensation, dysphagia, and throat pain. 5.9% of the
patients had nose issues and 14.7% had associated ear
complaints. General symptoms included fever in 10.7%
of cases, weight loss in 23.5%, general weakness in
15.6% of cases, and skin lesions in 6.9% of cases.
Systemic disorders such as HIV was present in 3.9%,
hypertension in 25.4%, and diabetes in 34.3% of cases.
Risk factors include chewing tobacco (17.6%), drinking
alcohol (14.7%), smoking (43.1%), and having
previously been exposed to radiation (0.9%). The tongue
was the most frequently afflicted site in this study
(44.1%), followed by the palate (29.4%), the buccal
mucosa (15.6%), the tonsils (8.8%), the lips (7.8%), the
alveolus (2.9%), and the RMT (1.9%). Neoplastic
etiology accounted for 41.1% of the total etiology
discovered. It was followed by inflammatory (31.3%),
infectious (20.5%), and miscellaneous (6.8%) etiologies.
52.9% of patients had conservative care, 36.2% had
oncosurgery team treatment through surgery, and
10.7% had radiation therapy. Of the patients with
neoplastic etiology, 10.7% had radiation therapy.
Conclusion:
The incidence of cancers rises in the adult
population with increased habits like smoking and
chewing nicotine in any form. A high degree of suspicion
is required when treating oral ulcers, particularly those
that are chronic. The gold standard for confirming the
diagnosis is always a biopsy and a histopathological
examination.
Keywords :
Radiotherapy, Ulceromembranous Lesions, Inflammatory Etiology, Histopathological Examination.
Introduction
Patients often present with ulcero-proliferative
lesions of the oropharynx and oral cavity in the
outpatient department (OPD). These lesions have a
negative impact on the patients' health, so it's critical to
make an accurate diagnosis and administer the right
care.
Aim of the Study:
To determine the proportion of patients who exhibit
different ulcero-proliferative lesions clinical
characteristics in the oropharynx and oral cavity.
Patients and Methodology:
This is prospective study done at Department of
ENT, Guntur Medical College, spanning a period of 18
months. This study included patients with ulcero-
membranous lesions in the oropharynx and oral cavity,
regardless of age. This study excluded Patients who had
radiation therapy soon before developing the illness and
who had traumatic injuries but no infection. Detailed
history including personal, family and medical history
were noted. Local and general examination was done.
Selected patients were subjected to investigations like
routine blood investigations, gram stain, albert’s stain,
KOH mount, culture and sensitivity, peripheral smear,
serology, FNAC, HPE, USG, chest x ray, CT neck, MRI.
Results
In the current study, men dominated women
(65.69%) and the most prevalent age group participating
was 41–60 years old (45.09%). The most typical
symptoms of the throat were odynophagia, burning
sensation, dysphagia, and throat pain. 5.9% of the
patients had nose issues and 14.7% had associated ear
complaints. General symptoms included fever in 10.7%
of cases, weight loss in 23.5%, general weakness in
15.6% of cases, and skin lesions in 6.9% of cases.
Systemic disorders such as HIV was present in 3.9%,
hypertension in 25.4%, and diabetes in 34.3% of cases.
Risk factors include chewing tobacco (17.6%), drinking
alcohol (14.7%), smoking (43.1%), and having
previously been exposed to radiation (0.9%). The tongue
was the most frequently afflicted site in this study
(44.1%), followed by the palate (29.4%), the buccal
mucosa (15.6%), the tonsils (8.8%), the lips (7.8%), the
alveolus (2.9%), and the RMT (1.9%). Neoplastic
etiology accounted for 41.1% of the total etiology
discovered. It was followed by inflammatory (31.3%),
infectious (20.5%), and miscellaneous (6.8%) etiologies.
52.9% of patients had conservative care, 36.2% had
oncosurgery team treatment through surgery, and
10.7% had radiation therapy. Of the patients with
neoplastic etiology, 10.7% had radiation therapy.
Conclusion:
The incidence of cancers rises in the adult
population with increased habits like smoking and
chewing nicotine in any form. A high degree of suspicion
is required when treating oral ulcers, particularly those
that are chronic. The gold standard for confirming the
diagnosis is always a biopsy and a histopathological
examination.
Keywords :
Radiotherapy, Ulceromembranous Lesions, Inflammatory Etiology, Histopathological Examination.
