Authors : Evans Momanyi Getembe

Volume/Issue : Volume 10 - 2025, Issue 1 - January

Google Scholar : https://tinyurl.com/585b7p2t

Scribd : https://tinyurl.com/3436de9y

DOI : https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14885957

Abstract : The excavation, deepening, and opening of the Mbita Causeway by Kenya Shipyards Limited marks a transformative intervention in Lake Victoria’s ecosystem and socio-economic landscape. Historically, the causeway’s obstruction of natural water flow led to environmental degradation, including water hyacinth proliferation, reduced aquatic biodiversity, and diminished socio-economic activities such as fishing and tourism. This study investigates the project’s contributions to environmental conservation, socio-economic revitalization, and the challenges that remain. Employing a mixed-methods approach, the study collected quantitative data through surveys and qualitative insights from interviews and focus group discussions with 412 participants, including fisherfolk, tourism operators, government officials, and community members. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, while thematic analysis was employed for qualitative data. Key findings reveal that the restoration of natural water flow has improved water quality, significantly reduced water hyacinth, and created a conducive environment for aquatic biodiversity to thrive. The enhanced breeding grounds for fish have revitalized fishing activities, boosting local incomes and creating employment opportunities. Additionally, the elimination of weed obstacles has facilitated tourism activities, including boat riding and wildlife observation, contributing to economic growth. The collaboration between government agencies, such as NEMA, KMA, and KCGS, has been instrumental in leveraging the blue economy’s potential through infrastructure development, including new ports and piers. However, the study highlights ongoing challenges, particularly pollution from incoming rivers and industrial discharges, which threaten the lake’s ecological stability. Addressing these challenges requires robust pollution control measures and sustained multi- agency collaboration. This research underscores the critical role of infrastructure projects in fostering environmental conservation and socio-economic development while emphasizing the need for sustainable management practices. By providing actionable insights for policymakers, environmental agencies, and stakeholders, this study contributes to the broader discourse on balancing development and environmental preservation in lake ecosystems. It advocates for an integrated approach to managing Lake Victoria’s resources, ensuring that the benefits of the Mbita Causeway project are preserved and expanded for future generations.

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