Authors : H. M. S. S. Herath; J. P. S. Jayaneththi

Volume/Issue : Volume 11 - 2026, Issue 1 - January

Google Scholar : https://tinyurl.com/32fm7cjt

Scribd : https://tinyurl.com/mrdzrb2d

DOI : https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/26jan1386

Note : A published paper may take 4-5 working days from the publication date to appear in PlumX Metrics, Semantic Scholar, and ResearchGate.

Abstract : The purpose of the study is to determine the kinematic and kinetic values of the fast-bowling technique in cricket that influences the performance and the risk of injury. Fast bowling is a high intense activity that significantly generates high speed of the ball and large mechanical forces particularly on lumbar spine. This systematic review reveals the various methods to prevail over-shoulder counter- rotation following back foot landing to lumbar injuries. This review included 16 authoritative journals that examined the biomechanics of cricket fast bowling. Elite and sub elite male and female fast bawlers were selected. The data related to run-up speed, back and front foot contact, trunk and shoulder motion, joint kinematics, and ground reaction forces were analyzed. Higher ball release speeds were positively corelated to the faster runup speed, front leg bracing, trunk flexion, delayed arm action, and pelvis–shoulder separation. The Bowling techniques such as excessive rotation of shoulders, and lack of trunk control is increased the load on the lumbar spine. Female bowlers exhibit lower running speeds and greater reliance on trunk and pelvic rotation during their movements.In conclusion, performance of fast bowling and the risk of injury are coordinated whole-body mechanics. Control of technique and frequent screening are the two issues that coaches must concentrate on to enhance performance and minimize the risk of injuries.

Keywords : Ground Reaction Forces, Kinematics, Kinetics, Lumbar Injuries, Trunk Flexion.

References :

1. Ferdinands, R. E. D. (n.d.). MECHANICS OF THE FRONT ARM TECHNIQUE IN CRICKET FAST BOWLING.
2. Burden, A. M., & Bartlett. (n.d.). A KINEMATIC INVESTIGATION OF ELITE FAST AND FAST-MEDIUM CRICKET BOWLERS Aloager Stoke-on-Trent ST7 2HL ENGLAND.
3. Portus, M. (2001). RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN CRICKET FAST BOWLING TECHNIQUE, TRUNK INJURIES, AND BALL RELEASE SPEED.
4. Worthington, P., King, M., & Ranson, C. (n.d.). THE EFFECT OF SELECTED KINEMATICS ON BALL SPEED AND GROUND REACTION FORCES IN FAST BOWLING.
5. Ranson, C. A., Burnett, A. F., King, M., Patel, N., & O’Sullivan, P. B. (2008). The relationship between bowling action classification and three-dimensional lower trunk motion in fast bowlers in cricket. Journal of Sports Sciences, 26(3), 267–276. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640410701501671
6. Portus, M. R., Portus, M. R., Mason, B. R., Elliott, B. C., Pfitzner, M. C., & Done, R. P. (2004). Cricket: Technique factors related to ball release speed and trunk injuries in high performance Cricket fast bowlers. Sports Biomechanics, 3(2), 263–284. https://doi.org/10.1080/14763140408522845
7. Stuelcken, M. C., Ferdinands, R. E. D., & Sinclair, P. J. (2010). Three-dimensional trunk kinematics and low back pain in elite female fast bowlers. Journal of Applied Biomechanics, 26(1), 52–61. https://doi.org/10.1123/jab.26.1.52
8. Ferdinands, R. E. D., Sinclair, P. J., Stuelcken, M. C., & Greene, A. (2014). Rear leg kinematics and kinetics in cricket fast bowling. Sports Technology, 7(1–2), 52–61. https://doi.org/10.1080/19346182.2014.893352
9. Ferdinands, R. E. D. (2011). Analysis of segmental kinetic energy in cricket bowling. Procedia Engineering, 13, 246–251. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2011.05.080
10. BiomandPhysicalBowling1986. (n.d.).
11. Middleton, K. J., Mills, P. M., Elliott, B. C., & Alderson, J. A. (2016). The association between lower limb biomechanics and ball release speed in cricket fast bowlers: A comparison of high-performance and amateur competitors. Sports Biomechanics, 15(3), 357–369. https://doi.org/10.1080/14763141.2016.1163413
12. Run faster, bowl faster: In-match analysis of elite female cricket pace bowlers. (2023). The Journal of Sport and Exercise Science, 7(1). https://doi.org/10.36905/jses.2023.01.03
13. Savage, T. N., & Portus, M. R. (n.d.). A KINEMATIC ANALYSIS OF FAST BOWLING TECHNIQUES USED BY ELITE FEMALE CRICKETERS.
14. Worthington, P. J., King, M. A., & Ranson, C. A. (2013). Relationships Between Fast Bowling Technique and Ball Release Speed in Cricket. In Journal of Applied Biomechanics (Vol. 29). www.JAB-Journal.com
15. Felton, P. J., Lister, S. L., Worthington, P. J., & King, M. A. (2019). Comparison of biomechanical characteristics between male and female elite fast bowlers. Journal of Sports Sciences, 37(6), 665–670. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2018.1522700
16. Felton, P. J., Yeadon, M. R., & King, M. A. (2020). Optimising the front foot contact phase of the cricket fast bowling action. Journal of Sports Sciences, 38(18), 2054–2062. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2020.1770407