Authors :
Dr. N Shreyas; Dr. Sanath Kumar Shetty; Dr. Sreedhish K; Dr Rashika Saraff; Dr Deeppika Sambhavi AR; Dr Sanjana Arun
Volume/Issue :
Volume 9 - 2024, Issue 10 - October
Google Scholar :
https://tinyurl.com/yr3be669
Scribd :
https://tinyurl.com/39w9yarx
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/IJISRT24OCT564
Note : A published paper may take 4-5 working days from the publication date to appear in PlumX Metrics, Semantic Scholar, and ResearchGate.
Abstract :
Pain at the heel affects millions of people
globally. The burden of this entity can be virtually
visualised by the fact that around 7% of people over 65
years of age report heel pain and tenderness, the main
differential diagnosis being plantar fasciitis, amongst
others. Plantar fasciitis is one of the most common
causes of pain around the heel and plantar aspect of the
foot. 80% of patients with heel pain are suffering from
plantar fasciitis. Plantar fasciitis has been linked to
many mechanical abnormalities and biochemical
derangements. The most common biochemical
derangement in patients with plantar fasciitis is
increased serum uric acid levels. There is increasing
evidence that presence of asymptomatic hyperuricemia
is a potential risk factor for development of plantar
fasciitis. The mean serum uric acid levels in the patients
with plantar fasciitis was 7.02 mg/dl, which is in close
proximity to the upper limit of normal uric acid levels.
Also, the same was true for males and females
independently. Even though majority of patients with
plantar fasciitis accounting to 52% had serum uric acid
levels between 6-8 mg/dl, close to the upper limit of
normal value, it cannot be categorised as hyperuricemia.
By virtue of this study, we can infer that hyperuricemia
per se, cannot be an attributable cause of plantar
fasciitis, even though it is known to play an important
role in pathogenesis of calcaneal plantar spur formation,
which might lead to or augment the pre existing plantar
fasciitis.
Keywords :
Hyperuricemia, Plantar Fascitis, Gout, Heel Pain, Calcaneum, Associated Factor, Cause.
References :
- Hicks JH. The mechanics of the foot. II. The plantar aponeurosis and the arch. J Anat 1954; 88: 25–30.
- Gill LH. Plantar fasciitis: diagnosis and conservative management. J Am Acad Orthop Surg 1997; 5: 109–117.
- Joosten LA, Crişan TO, Bjornstad P, Johnson RJ: Asymptomatic hyperuricaemia: a silent activator of the innate immune system. Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2020, 16:75-86. 10.1038/s41584-019-0334-3 17.
- Bardin T: Hyperuricemia starts at 360 micromoles (6 mg/dL). Joint Bone Spine. 2015, 82:141-3. 10.1016/j.jbspin.2015.01.002.
- Lopes AD, Hespanhol Júnior LC, Yeung SS, Costa LO: What are the main running-related musculoskeletal injuries? A systematic review. Sports Med. 2012, 42:891-905. 10.1007/BF03262301
- Tenforde AS, Sayres LC, McCurdy ML, Collado H, Sainani KL, Fredericson M: Overuse injuries in high school runners: lifetime prevalence and prevention strategies. PM R. 2011, 3:125-31. 10.1016/j.pmrj.2010.09.009
- Werner RA, Gell N, Hartigan A, Wiggerman N, Keyserling WM: Risk factors for plantar fasciitis among assembly plant workers. PM R. 2010, 2:110-7. 10.1016/j.pmrj.2009.11.012
- Aydeniz A, Gursoy S, Guney E: Which musculoskeletal complications are most frequently seen in type 2 diabetes mellitus?. J Int Med Res. 2008, 36:505-11. 10.1177/147323000803600315
- Gill LH: Plantar fasciitis: diagnosis and conservative management. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 1997, 5:109-17. 10.5435/00124635-199703000-00006
- Cutts S, Obi N, Pasapula C, Chan W: Plantar fasciitis. Ann R Coll Surg Engl. 2012, 94:539-42. 10.1308/003588412X13171221592456 2023 Yadav et al. Cureus 15(4): e37088. DOI 10.7759/cureus.37088
- Arnold MJ, Moody AL: Common running injuries: evaluation and management . Am Fam Physician. 2018, 97:510-6.
- Finkenstaedt T, Siriwanarangsun P, Statum S, Biswas R, Anderson KE, Bae WC, Chung CB: The calcaneal crescent in patients with and without plantar fasciitis: an ankle MRI study. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2018, 211:1075-82. 10.2214/AJR.17.19399.
- De Miguel E, Puig JG, Castillo C, Peiteado D, Torres RJ, Martín-Mola E: Diagnosis of gout in patients with asymptomatic hyperuricaemia: a pilot ultrasound study. Ann Rheum Dis. 2012, 71:157-8. 10.1136/ard.2011.154997.
- Taylor WJ, Fransen J, Jansen TL, et al.: Study for updated gout classification criteria: identification of features to classify gout. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2015, 67:1304-15. 10.1002/acr.22585.
- Ames PR, Longo UG, Denaro V, Maffulli N: Achilles tendon problems: not just an orthopaedic issue . Disabil Rehabil. 2008, 30:1646-50. 10.1080/09638280701785882.
- Comberg HU, Schach S: Hyperuricemia is associated with musculo-skeletal pain-results from a crosssectional study. Open Pain J. 2016, 9:15-25. 10.2174/1876386301609010015.
- Stewart S, Dalbeth N, Vandal AC, Rome K: Characteristics of the first metatarsophalangeal joint in gout and asymptomatic hyperuricaemia: a cross-sectional observational study. J Foot Ankle Res. 2015, 8:41. 10.1186/s13047-015-0091-8.
- Andersson HI, Leden I: Serum uric acid predicts changes in reports of non-gouty chronic pain: a prospective study among women with inflammatory and non-inflammatory pain. Rheumatol Int. 2012, 32:193-8. 10.1007/s00296-010-1600-5.
- Hsu HJ, Yen CH, Hsu KH, et al.: Factors associated with chronic musculoskeletal pain in patients with chronic kidney disease. BMC Nephrol. 2014, 15:6. 10.1186/1471-2369-15-6
Pain at the heel affects millions of people
globally. The burden of this entity can be virtually
visualised by the fact that around 7% of people over 65
years of age report heel pain and tenderness, the main
differential diagnosis being plantar fasciitis, amongst
others. Plantar fasciitis is one of the most common
causes of pain around the heel and plantar aspect of the
foot. 80% of patients with heel pain are suffering from
plantar fasciitis. Plantar fasciitis has been linked to
many mechanical abnormalities and biochemical
derangements. The most common biochemical
derangement in patients with plantar fasciitis is
increased serum uric acid levels. There is increasing
evidence that presence of asymptomatic hyperuricemia
is a potential risk factor for development of plantar
fasciitis. The mean serum uric acid levels in the patients
with plantar fasciitis was 7.02 mg/dl, which is in close
proximity to the upper limit of normal uric acid levels.
Also, the same was true for males and females
independently. Even though majority of patients with
plantar fasciitis accounting to 52% had serum uric acid
levels between 6-8 mg/dl, close to the upper limit of
normal value, it cannot be categorised as hyperuricemia.
By virtue of this study, we can infer that hyperuricemia
per se, cannot be an attributable cause of plantar
fasciitis, even though it is known to play an important
role in pathogenesis of calcaneal plantar spur formation,
which might lead to or augment the pre existing plantar
fasciitis.
Keywords :
Hyperuricemia, Plantar Fascitis, Gout, Heel Pain, Calcaneum, Associated Factor, Cause.