Authors : Ife U. F.; Toryila J. E.; Mallo M. J.

Volume/Issue : Volume 11 - 2026, Issue 1 - January

Google Scholar : https://tinyurl.com/3f64m9d3

Scribd : https://tinyurl.com/2w9rrpmd

DOI : https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/26jan159

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Abstract : Background: Gmelina arborea is traditionally used for managing inflammatory and immune-related disorders, yet scientific validation of its immunomodulatory activity remains limited. This study evaluated the immunomodulatory effects of ethanolic root extract of Gmelina arborea in Wistar rats.  Methods: A controlled experimental design was used involving five groups of Wistar rats. Group 1 served as the negative control. Group 2 received 20 mg/kg levamisole as the positive control. Groups 3–5 received 20 mg/kg levamisole followed by 50, 100, and 150 mg/kg of Gmelina arborea extract for 28 days, with levamisole administered 12 hours before the extract. Inflammatory markers, leukocyte indices, platelet parameters, and spleen histology were assessed.  Results: Levamisole significantly increased IL-6 and ESR, confirming immunosuppression, while co-administration of Gmelina arborea produced dose-dependent amelioration. The 150 mg/kg group showed IL-6 and CRP levels comparable to the negative control and restored leukocyte and granulocyte balance. Platelet indices revealed improved hematopoietic stability and white pulp architecture.  Conclusion: Gmelina arborea demonstrated notable immunomodulatory potential by regulating cytokine expression and supporting leukocyte function. These findings provide scientific support for its traditional use and highlight its promise as a natural immunomodulatory agent.

Keywords : Gmelina arborea, Immunomodulatory, Wistar Rats

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