The human gut microbiota is composed of
trillions microorganisms with own gene. The gut microbes
influence various aspect of Central nervous system through
multiple mechanisms whereas vagus nerve connects the gut
and brain by neural connections. To transmit signals they
directly stimulate afferent neurons of the enteric nervous to
the brain by vagus nerve. It is essential in alteration of
neurotransmitter levels, if there is any disruption in the gut
microbe it affect brain function, and finally it affects the
neurological health sometimes it lead to disorders like leaky
gut syndrome. They also play a key role in health issues
which leads to depression, and disease like autism spectrum
through activity of the gut-brain axis. The alteration in the
bacterial composition guts microbiota lead to dysfunction of
the digestive system such as bowl diseases, obesity, immune
and neurological diseases. The gut microbes promote the
digestion by facilitating the absorption of nutrients and also
help the digestive system to function properly. Gut
microbiome play defense role in the development of the
immune system by creating a barrier against pathogens and
toxins.
Keywords :
Gut Microbiota, Homeostasis, Dysbiosis, Catecholamines, Neurogenerative, Vagus Nerve.