Our research subject is focused on “The impact of the management of a protected area on the living conditions of the local population in the case of the Lomami National Park in the territory of KAILO / Maniema / DRC”. As part of our research, we wanted to assess the standard of living of the local population of the Lomami National Park who formerly depended on this forest for their survival, which has become totally protected; as well as the biological diversity that it abounds considering Anthropic activities as a disruptive element, if it is not controlled. In developing this research, we used the structural- functional method of TALCOTT Parsons, which considers that every social fact plays a function in a social (ecological) system. Our investigations have shown that the management method of the LNP is not rational and sustainable due to the fact that it does not respect the procedure provided for in the legal texts governing the management of natural resources in the DRC. To the extent that it does not take into account the involvement of the local and/or indigenous community in the process of creating and managing this protected area. This mode discourages local and/or indigenous communities who are excluded from the management of their natural resources, a mode which violates the regulatory provisions governing legal texts on the management of natural resources; this is the reason why we notice the phenomenon of poaching which arises.

Keywords : Incidence, Management, Protected Area, Local Community, Local Population and National Park.