Inquiry-Base Learning to Enhance Scientific Literacy and Process Skills of Students: Private Secondary School Teachers in Focus


Authors : Taj Mahal A. Vinson

Volume/Issue : Volume 10 - 2025, Issue 7 - July


Google Scholar : https://tinyurl.com/h2jnm4en

Scribd : https://tinyurl.com/2xvekhym

DOI : https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/25jul756

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Abstract : This research explored how private secondary school science teachers implement Inquiry-Based Learning (IBL), focusing on their actual classroom experiences and teaching methods. Through the shared stories of seven science teachers, who were selected using universal sampling, from the Philippine Women’s College of Davao City, the study uncovered both the obstacles they face and the practices that work. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, classroom observations, and document reviews. Thematic analysis revealed that key challenges to effective IBL included limited instructional time, inadequate resources, and insufficient training in IBL techniques. Despite these hurdles, the teachers managed to employ successful strategies such as hands-on student experimentation and the use of guided questioning to promote critical thinking. From these insights, the study suggests practical actions like adjusting time allocations, investing in IBL materials, and providing relevant training for educators. The findings point to the need for stronger institutional backing and more adaptable curricula, while also highlighting the value of ongoing professional development. Overall, the study offers meaningful guidance for school leaders and policymakers aiming to improve IBL practices, ultimately supporting the growth of students’ scientific thinking and inquiry skills. It emphasizes that improving IBL demands not only changes at the policy level but also concrete support for teachers within their daily classroom realities.

Keywords : Inquiry-Based Learning, Enhance Scientific Literacy and Process Skills, Private Secondary School Teachers.

References :

  1. Bhat, N. (2023). Empowering educators: Challenges faced by private school teachers in J&K. https://kashmirreader.com/2023/10/15/empowering-educators-challenges-faced-by-private-school-teachers-in-jk/
  2. Canoy, A.M.,(2024) The Influence of Inquiry-Based Learning on Integrated Science Process Skills of College Students in Tagum City: Basis for an Intervention Plan. EPRA International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research (IJMR). 10 (8). DOI: 10.36713/epra2013
  3. DepEd Order 10, series 2024 Policy Guidelines on the Implementation of the MATATAG Curriculum
  4. Ederon, L. & Aliazas, J.V. (2024) Inquiry-Based Learning Resource Material for Improved Integrated Process Skills in Elementary Science. International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Analysis. Volume 07 Issue 04. https://doi.org/10.47191/ijmra/v7-i04-40.
  5. Harefa, E. (2023) Implementation of Scientific Inquiry Approach for Enhancing Scientific Literacy among Elementary Students. IRAONO Journal of Elementary and Childhood Education 1(1):32-38. DOI:10.56207/iraono.v1i1.131.
  6. Iskandar, Sastradika, D.,  Defrianti, D. (2019) Optimizing Inquiry-based Learning Activity in Improving Students’ Scientific Literacy Skills. International Seminar on Science Education. International Seminar on Science Education. doi:10.1088/1742-6596/1233/1/012061
  7. Kang, J. (2020) Interrelationship Between Inquiry-Based Learning and Instructional Quality in Predicting Science Literacy. Research in Science Education (2022) 52:339–355.https://doi.org/10.1007/s11165-020-09946-6.
  8. Lopez, M.J. (2021) Inquiry- Based Teaching and Learning in Science: It’s Extent of Implementation, Challenges Encountered and Learning Outcomes among the Secondary Schools in the Division of Aklan, Philippines. Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-2, February 2021, pp.1048-1051, URL: www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd38605.pd.
  9. Musharrat, T. (2020) Teachers’ Perceptions About Use and Challenges of Hands-on Activities in Secondary Science Classroom. European Journal of Education Studies 7(12). DOI:10.46827/ejes.v7i12.3384
  10. Nicol, C.B. (2021) An Overview of Inquiry-Based Science Instruction Amid Challenges. EURASIA Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, 2021, 17(12). https://doi.org/10.29333/ejmste/11350
  11. Posadas, C.J. (2024) Curiosity Unleashed: The Power of Inquiry-Based Learning. Dalubhasang Guro 01(1). https://dgnp.org/index.php/home/article/view/4/4.
  12. Suryanti, Nursalim, M., Choirunnisa, N. L., & Yuliana, I. (2024). STEAM-project-based learning: A catalyst for elementary school students’ scientific literacy skills. European Journal of Educational Research, 13(1), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.12973/eu-jer.13.1.1.
  13. Tomaszewski, L.E, Zarestky, J. & Gonzalez, E. (2020) Planning Qualitative Research: Design and Decision Making for New Researchers. International Journal of Qualitative Methods Volume 19: 1–7. DOI: 10.1177/16094069406920967174.
  14. Wang, HH., Hong, ZR., She, HC. Smith, T., Fielding, J. & Lin, H.S. (2022). The role of structured inquiry, open inquiry, and epistemological beliefs in developing secondary students’ scientific and mathematical literacies. IJ STEM Ed 9, 14 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40594-022-00329-z

This research explored how private secondary school science teachers implement Inquiry-Based Learning (IBL), focusing on their actual classroom experiences and teaching methods. Through the shared stories of seven science teachers, who were selected using universal sampling, from the Philippine Women’s College of Davao City, the study uncovered both the obstacles they face and the practices that work. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, classroom observations, and document reviews. Thematic analysis revealed that key challenges to effective IBL included limited instructional time, inadequate resources, and insufficient training in IBL techniques. Despite these hurdles, the teachers managed to employ successful strategies such as hands-on student experimentation and the use of guided questioning to promote critical thinking. From these insights, the study suggests practical actions like adjusting time allocations, investing in IBL materials, and providing relevant training for educators. The findings point to the need for stronger institutional backing and more adaptable curricula, while also highlighting the value of ongoing professional development. Overall, the study offers meaningful guidance for school leaders and policymakers aiming to improve IBL practices, ultimately supporting the growth of students’ scientific thinking and inquiry skills. It emphasizes that improving IBL demands not only changes at the policy level but also concrete support for teachers within their daily classroom realities.

Keywords : Inquiry-Based Learning, Enhance Scientific Literacy and Process Skills, Private Secondary School Teachers.

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Paper Submission Last Date
31 - December - 2025

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