Authors : Audu Haruna Sympa; Charles Milam; U. U. Modibbo

Volume/Issue : Volume 10 - 2025, Issue 12 - December

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DOI : https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/25dec245

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Abstract : Determining the suitability of these reserves for modular cement manufacture is the goal of this research, which examines the limestone deposits in the Borrong, Demsa, and Murgarang areas of Demsa Local Government Area, Adamawa State, Nigeria. Based on a conservative 5m stratigraphic thickness, the study estimates an available limestone reserve of roughly 40.3 million tonnes through thorough geologic mapping and volumetric analysis; an amount more than sufficient to support modest to medium-sized industrial development in the area. Further verifying the quality of the material, X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) analysis shows that the main oxides fall well within worldwide accepted levels for Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) creation. Designed and built was a prototype mini-kiln fitted with an electrically driven, diesel-fuelled burner to make clinker from a formulated raw mix in order to reinforce the practical significance of the results. With measured values of CaO (65.4%), SiO2 (19.97%), Al2O3 (5.43%), Fe2O3 (5.05%), a lime saturation factor of 0.92, free lime of 2.5%, CaCO3 at 6%, silica modulus of 2.3, and alumina modulus of 1.1, the produced cement showed chemical characteristics consistent with regular OPC compositions. The physio-mechanical features also satisfied known specification thresholds: density of 3.14 g/cm3, bulk density of 1450 kg/m3, fineness of 300 m2/kg, initial and final setting times of 120 and 280 minutes, soundness of 2 mm, mortar cube water absorption of 3.5%, insoluble residue of 2.7%, and a 28-day compressive strength of 32 MPa. The efficient manufacturing of laboratory-grade cement and clinker utilizing the prototype kiln not only confirms its commercial viability but also emphasizes the possibility for creating localized, community-based cement manufacturing units inside the study region.

Keywords : Cement Formulation; Demsa; Limestone Characterization; Resource Estimation; Geological Mapping, Mini-Kiln, Clinker.

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