Authors : Estanislau de Sousa Saldanha; Helio Brites da Silva; Edio da Costa

Volume/Issue : Volume 9 - 2024, Issue 7 - July

Google Scholar : https://tinyurl.com/pj9navt7

Scribd : https://tinyurl.com/3h4696me

DOI : https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/IJISRT24JUL1443

Note : A published paper may take 4-5 working days from the publication date to appear in PlumX Metrics, Semantic Scholar, and ResearchGate.

Abstract : The internationalization of higher education has emerged as a transformative strategy for institutions seeking to enhance educational quality, foster global competitiveness, and promote cultural diversity. This paper provides a comprehensive review of current literature on internalization, internationalization, examining its motivations, realities, and multifaceted impacts across diverse educational contexts. It explores the evolution of internationalization strategies, encompassing curriculum development, student and faculty mobility, research collaborations, and institutional partnerships. The paper analyzes regional perspectives and global trends, highlighting the dynamic interplay between internationalization and institutional sustainability. By synthesizing empirical research and theoretical insights, it offers a nuanced understanding of how internalization and internationalization reshapes higher education landscapes and prepares institutions to meet the challenges of a globalized world.

Keywords : Internalization, Internationalization, Higher Education, Timor-Leste.

References :

1. Altbach, P. G. (2016). Global perspectives on higher education (p. 303). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.
2. Altbach, P. G., & Knight, J. (2007). The internationalization of higher education: Motivations and realities. Journal of Studies in International Education, 11(3-4), 290-305.
3. Altbach, P. G., & Reisberg, L. (2020). Global perspectives on higher education. Johns Hopkins University Press.
4. Beelen, J., & Jones, E. (2015). Redefining internationalization at home. In D. K. Deardorff, H. de Wit, J. D. Heyl, & T. Adams (Eds.), The SAGE handbook of international higher education (pp. 133-149). SAGE Publications.
5. Biesta, G. (2007). Why “what works” won’t work: Evidence‐based practice and the democratic deficit in educational research. Educational theory, 57(1), 1-22.
6. Brandenburg, U., & De Wit, H. (2011). The end of internationalization. International Higher Education, 66, 8-9.
7. Brandenburg, U., & Federkeil, G. (2007). How to Measure Internationality and Internationalisation of Higher Education Institutions!: Indicators and Key Figures. Gütersloh, Germany: CHE.
8. Byram, M. (2008). From foreign language education to education for intercultural citizenship: Essays and reflections. Multilingual Matters.
9. De Wit, H. (2020). Internationalization of higher education: Global trends, regional perspectives. International Higher Education, 101, 6-7.
10. De Wit, H., & Altbach, P. G. (2021). Growth and challenges of internationalization of higher education. International Higher Education, 107, 8-9.
11. De Wit, H., Hunter, F., Howard, L., & Egron-Polak, E. (Eds.). (2015). Internationalisation of higher education. European Parliament.
12. Deardorff, D. K. (Ed.). (2009). The SAGE handbook of intercultural competence. Sage.
13. Freire, P. (1970). The adult literacy process as cultural action for freedom. Harvard educational review, 40(2), 205-225.
14. Fullan, M. (2007). Leading in a culture of change. John Wiley & Sons.
15. Gay, G., & Howard, T. C. (2000). Multicultural teacher education for the 21st century. The teacher educator, 36(1), 1-16.
16. Green, W., & Whitsed, C. (2015). Critical perspectives on internationalising the curriculum in disciplines: Reflective narrative accounts from business, education and health. Sense Publishers.
17. Gu, B., Zhai, Z., Deng, C., & Huang, H. (2020). Efficient active learning by querying discriminative and representative samples and fully exploiting unlabeled data. IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems, 32(9), 4111-4122.
18. Hayden, C. (2012). The rhetoric of soft power: Public diplomacy in global contexts. Lexington Books.
19. Helms, R., Brajkovic, L., & Struthers, P. (2017). The evolution of institutional strategy: The case of internationalisation. Tertiary Education and Management, 23(3), 215-230.
20. Huang, F., Daizen, T., & Kim, Y. (2020). Changes in Japanese universities governance arrangements 1992–2017. Studies in Higher Education, 45(10), 2063-2072.
21. Huisman, J., & Van Liempd, I. (2019). Research missions in higher education. European Journal of Education, 54(1), 36-50.
22. Jones, E., & De Wit, H. (2012). Globalization of internationalization: Thematic and regional reflections on a traditional concept. AUDEM: The International Journal of Higher Education and Democracy, 3(1), 35-54.
23. Kassim, H., Peterson, J., Bauer, M. W., Connolly, S., Dehousse, R., Hooghe, L., & Thompson, A. (2013). The European Commission of the twenty-first century. OUP Oxford.
24. Kehm, B. M., & Teichler, U. (Eds.). (2012). The academic profession in Europe: New tasks and new challenges (Vol. 5). Springer Science & Business Media.
25. Knight, J. (2004). Internationalization of higher education: A conceptual framework. Internationalization of Higher Education: Practices and Priorities in National and Regional Contexts, 2, 5-22.
26. Knight, J. (2012). Changing dimensions of internationalisation in higher education. International Journal of Educational Management, 26(6), 578-593.
27. Knight, J. (2015). Internationalization remodeled: Definition, approaches, and rationales. Journal of Studies in International Education, 19(2), 143-158.
28. Knight, W. (2017). The dark secret at the heart of AI.
29. Leask, B. (2009). Using formal and informal curricula to improve interactions between home and international students. Journal of Studies in International Education, 13(2), 205-221.
30. Leask, B. (2015). Internationalizing the curriculum. Routledge.
31. Marginson, S. (2006). Dynamics of national and global competition in higher education. Higher education, 52, 1-39.
32. Marginson, S. (2011). Higher education and public good. Higher education quarterly, 65(4), 411-433.
33. Marginson, S. (2018). Public/private in higher education: A synthesis of economic and political approaches. Studies in Higher Education, 43(2), 322-337.
34. Naidoo, R. (2018). The competition fetish in higher education: Shamans, mind snares and consequences. European Educational Research Journal, 17(5), 605-620.
35. Shin, J. C., & Harman, G. (2009). New challenges for higher education: Global and Asia-Pacific perspectives. Asia Pacific Education Review, 10, 1-13.
36. Sterling, S., & Orr, D. (2001). Sustainable education: Re-visioning learning and change (Vol. 6). Totnes: Green Books for the Schumacher Society.
37. Teichler, U. (2017). Internationalisation of higher education: European experiences. Springer.
38. Ward, C., & Fischer, R. (2008). Personality, cultural intelligence and cross-cultural adaptation. Handbook of cultural intelligence: Theory, measurement, and applications, 159-173.
39. Wenger, E. (1998). Communities of practice: Learning as a social system. Systems thinker, 9(5), 2-3.