Authors : Musa S.; Lohdip Y. N.; Kagoro M. L. P.

Volume/Issue : Volume 10 - 2025, Issue 12 - December

Google Scholar : https://tinyurl.com/y54fysyc

Scribd : https://tinyurl.com/48948mxk

DOI : https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/25dec855

Note : A published paper may take 4-5 working days from the publication date to appear in PlumX Metrics, Semantic Scholar, and ResearchGate.

Abstract : This research evaluates the bioactive compounds in Avocado, aiming to utilize them as a potential herbal source for developing metal complexes. Persea americana is a tropical plant commonly found in the southeastern part of Nigeria. The bulk of the fruit is utilized as a food product. The fruits, leaves, and seeds are utilized in traditional herbal medicine for treating diverse health issues. The plant material was obtained through solvent extraction with water. Phytochemicals were quantitatively assessed, FT-IR and UV-Vis spectroscopy were carried out following previously defined procedures. A phytochemical study on avocado leaf extract revealed the detection of flavonoids (2.09 ± 2.00 mg/L), saponins (8.54 ± 0.02 mg/L), steroids (0.67 ± 0.04 mg/L), alkaloids (4. 01 ± 1.60 mg/L), Phenoids (0.99 ± 0.08 mg/L), Terpenoids (0.76 ± 0.05 mg/L), carbohydrate (0.85 ± 0.08 mg/L) and glycosides (0.95±0.08 mg/L) while Anthraqunones were absent. The FT-IR results revealed the presence of C-O stretching vibrations for both alcohol and ester groups in both crude and isolated samples. The study's findings revealed that the avocado extract harbors notable bioactive compounds capable of functioning as herbal ligands in the formation of metal complexes.

Keywords : Avocado, Phytochemicals, Herbal-Based Ligands, Metal Complex.

References :

1. Maitera, O. N., Osemeahon, S. A., and Barnabas, H. L. (2014). Proximate and elemental analysis of avocado fruit obtained from Taraba state, Nigeria. Indian Journal of Science and Technology, 2(2), 67-73.
2. Pavela, R., Maggi, F., Lupidi, G., Mbuntcha, H., Woguem, V., Womeni, H. M., and Benelli, G. (2018). Clausena anisata and Dysphania ambrosioides essential oils: from ethno-medicine to modern uses as effective insecticides. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 25(11): 10493-10503.
3. Zulfiqar, A., Ishaq, S., and Ahmed, T. (2020). Anti-Oxidant Nutrients and Nutraceuticals in Aging. In Nutrients and Nutraceuticals for Active & Healthy Ageing (pp. 195-216).
4. Adeyemi, O.O., Okpo, S.O. and Ogunti, O.O. (2002). Analgesic and Anti-inflammatory Effect of the Aqueous Extract of Leaves Persea americana Mill. Fitoterapia 73:375-380.
5. Ejiofor, N.C., Ezeagu, I.E., Ayoola, M. and Umera, E.A. (2018). Determination of the chemical  composition of avocado (Persea americana) seed. Advances in Food Technology and Nutritional Sciences SE (2): S51-S55.
6. Gomez-flores, R., Tamez-Guerra, P., Tamez-Guerra, R. and Rodiaguez-Padilla, C. (2008). In Vitrorat Lymphocytes Proliteration Induced by Ocimium basilicum, Perseamericana, Plantiago Virginica, and RosisasppExtracts. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research 1(2):005-010.
7. Ugwu Okechukwu P. C, Nwodo Okwesili F. C, Joshua Parker E, Bawa Abubakar, Ossai Emmanuel C and Odo Christian E. (2013). Phytochemical and Acute Toxicity Studies of Moringa oleifera Ethanol Leaf Extract. International Journal of Life Sciences Biotechnology and Pharma Research 2(2):66-71.
8. Yadav RNS and Munin Agarwala. (2011). Phytochemical analysis of some medicinal plants. Journal of Phytology 3(12):10-14.
9. Foong C. P. and Hamid R. A. (2012). Evaluation of anti-inflammatory activities of ethanolic extract of Annona muricata leaves. Rev. bras. farmacogn. 22:6.