Millions of people throughout the world are affected by Parkinson disease (PD), which is a prevalent neurological ailment. The illness is now understood to be heterogeneous and to manifest both motor and nonmotor symptoms. The latest study reveals that men are more likely than women to develop Parkinson's disease and that the number of people with the diagnosis rises with age regardless of sex. There have been significant improvements in PD pathophysiology, etiology, and treatment. Depending on the progression and stage of the disease, many surgical techniques are available that can improve the condition of PD patients This article offers a summary of our current knowledge on Parkinson's disease (PD), including its pathology, genesis, recent developments, clinical research review, and case studies of patients to assess how treatments and drugs affect them. Latest translation studies are aimed into understanding the disease pathogenesis and pathophysiology and in many areas translational research on this has catalysed a better understanding of basic biological phenomena including intrinsically disordered proteins autophagy mitochondrial function homeostatic plasticity and basal ganglia physiology. This review focuses on compiling all the fundamental data and therapies available in medical research for the relief of symptoms and suggested therapies proven successful in PD. We also provided an overview of Parkinson's clinical trials and the effects of Parkinson medication in animal models. The most recent developments and trends in PD were also covered, including information on biomarkers, sexual differences, cell therapy, genetic relationships, and improvements in PD study models.

Keywords : Parkinson’s disease, Cognitive behavioural therapy, deep brain stimulation, chemotherapy, patient counselling.