Authors : Sule, Innocent Y.; Oduwole, H. K.; Umar, M. A.; Audu, A. M.; Shehu, S. L.

Volume/Issue : Volume 10 - 2025, Issue 11 - November

Google Scholar : https://tinyurl.com/yeyrrfdt

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DOI : https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/25nov625

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Abstract : This study develops and analyzes a non-linear deterministic mathematical model for cholera transmission that explicitly incorporates a gender-hygiene-driven incidence rate. Recognizing that social roles often determine exposure risks, particularly in communities where women are primarily responsible for water collection, childcare, and food handling, the model incorporates gender-disaggregated compartments for susceptible (S_m (t) and S_f (t)), infected (I_m (t) and I_f (t)), and recovered individuals (R_m (t) and R_f (t)), alongside an environmental reservoir representing Vibrio cholerae concentration (B(t)). The model extends the classical SIRB framework of [23], by introducing gender-specific hygiene compliance rates into the infection incidence term, reflecting gendered differences in exposure and hygiene practices. Analytical results include the derivation of the basic reproduction number (Ro), examination of equilibrium points, and proof of the positivity and boundedness of solutions. Stability analyses were conducted for both the disease-free and endemic equilibria, while sensitivity analysis identified the most influential parameters governing cholera spread. Numerical simulations were performed using parameter values from relevant literature to explore the effects of varying hygiene compliance, bacterial decay rate, and environmental sanitation on disease prevalence. Results reveal that gender-based differences in hygiene significantly affect cholera transmission. In particular, higher hygiene adherence among both men and women markedly reduces the reproduction number and infection prevalence, while poor hygiene and persistent environmental contamination sustain outbreaks. The study concludes that effective cholera control requires integrating behavioral and structural interventions—especially those that promote hygiene education among women and improve environmental sanitation. Overall, this work provides a more realistic and socially responsive framework for modeling cholera dynamics, bridging the gap between mathematical theory and public-health practice. It contributes to the growing field of gender-aware epidemiological modeling and offers practical insights for designing sustainable, behavior-driven cholera control strategies.

Keywords : Choleraa Transmission, Gender-Hygiene Incidence Rate, Reproduction Number.

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