Authors :
Gaurav Singh; P. K. S. Yadav
Volume/Issue :
Volume 8 - 2023, Issue 5 - May
Google Scholar :
https://bit.ly/3TmGbDi
Scribd :
https://tinyurl.com/3ff5fn55
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8103846
Abstract :
Lubricant industries are focusing on
biodegradable materials like modified vegetable oilsfor
the production of lubricants and avoiding the
conventional petroleum based lubricants. This is because
of their adverse environmental effects as they contain
various heavy metals and their salts
likeSb2O3,Sb2S3,As2S2,As2S4,AsCl3,PbHAsSO4,PbCO3,
HgCl2, Hg2Cl2, Hg(NO3) etc. But there is a drawback of
vegetable oil based lubricants that they have a higher
rate of oxidation and lower viscosity index. Thus we need
to conflate some external additives to abstain this
trouble. A number of natural and synthetic lubricant
additives are being used since longer times to improve
the performance of lubricants but natural additives have
very limited properties. There are also some petroleum
based additives but again they have lesser
biodegradability and higher toxicity.
Nano-Technology based lubricant additives are not
only eco-friendly but also used in traces unlike the
conventional petroleum based lubricant additives. They
are helpful in improving the thermal as well asoxidative
stability, viscosity index, dispersion properties, better
anti-wear characteristics, high biodegradability and
various other physicochemical properties.
This review paper encompasses various methods of
production of biolubricants, importance of lubricant
additives, their methods of synthesis, characterization,
properties and advantages of nano lubricant additives
over conventional petroleum based additives. Various
methods of production of nano-lubricant additives, their
properties and their effect on the performance on
lubricityand their comparison with conventional
petroleum based lubricants has also been discussed in
this paper.
Lubricant industries are focusing on
biodegradable materials like modified vegetable oilsfor
the production of lubricants and avoiding the
conventional petroleum based lubricants. This is because
of their adverse environmental effects as they contain
various heavy metals and their salts
likeSb2O3,Sb2S3,As2S2,As2S4,AsCl3,PbHAsSO4,PbCO3,
HgCl2, Hg2Cl2, Hg(NO3) etc. But there is a drawback of
vegetable oil based lubricants that they have a higher
rate of oxidation and lower viscosity index. Thus we need
to conflate some external additives to abstain this
trouble. A number of natural and synthetic lubricant
additives are being used since longer times to improve
the performance of lubricants but natural additives have
very limited properties. There are also some petroleum
based additives but again they have lesser
biodegradability and higher toxicity.
Nano-Technology based lubricant additives are not
only eco-friendly but also used in traces unlike the
conventional petroleum based lubricant additives. They
are helpful in improving the thermal as well asoxidative
stability, viscosity index, dispersion properties, better
anti-wear characteristics, high biodegradability and
various other physicochemical properties.
This review paper encompasses various methods of
production of biolubricants, importance of lubricant
additives, their methods of synthesis, characterization,
properties and advantages of nano lubricant additives
over conventional petroleum based additives. Various
methods of production of nano-lubricant additives, their
properties and their effect on the performance on
lubricityand their comparison with conventional
petroleum based lubricants has also been discussed in
this paper.
