Authors : Giovana Werkhaizer De Souza Ferreira; Roberta De Lucena Ferretti

Volume/Issue : Volume 11 - 2026, Issue 9 - September

Google Scholar : https://tinyurl.com/m5b67xdr

DOI : https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/26sep1411

Note : A published paper may take 4-5 working days from the publication date to appear in PlumX Metrics, Semantic Scholar, and ResearchGate.

Abstract : Autoimmune diseases arise from the interaction between genetic susceptibility, environmental exposures, and loss of self-tolerance, involving chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, and impaired intestinal barrier function. This narrative review examined dietary patterns, nutrients, bioactive compounds, and microbiota-targeted interventions as adjuncts in rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, multiple sclerosis, ulcerative colitis, and Hashimoto thyroiditis. PubMed/MEDLINE and the Cochrane Library were searched, prioritizing systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and clinical trials published from 2021 to September 2026, together with relevant seminal studies. The most consistent evidence supports nutrient-dense dietary patterns, particularly the Mediterranean pattern, as adjunctive strategies to improve diet quality and selected clinical and inflammatory outcomes. Potential benefits have also been reported for unsaturated fatty acids, prebiotic fibers, strain-specific probiotics, and some bioactive compounds, although findings remain heterogeneous and disease-, intervention-, and nutritional-status dependent. Exclusion diets, supplements, and restrictive metabolic strategies should not be generalized. Nutritional care should therefore be individualized, integrated with medical therapy, and centered on overall diet quality, adequate energy and protein intake, and correction of documented deficiencies [1-5].

Keywords : Autoimmune Diseases; Inflammation; Diet Therapy; Mediterranean Diet; Gut Microbiota; Clinical Nutrition.

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