Authors :
Rizal Constantio Susilo; Arie Utariani, Dedi Susila
Volume/Issue :
Volume 6 - 2021, Issue 11 - November
Google Scholar :
http://bitly.ws/gu88
Scribd :
https://bit.ly/3rbRPVp
Abstract :
Background: Opioid has become one of main
therapies in palliative care regarding to cancer pain.
Management of chronic cancer pain by opioid may affect
patient’s quality of life. Nevertheless, oral opioid therapy
has been reported correlated with increasing incidences of
depression in chronic non-cancer pain. This study is the
first study to analyze correlation of opioid with depression
in chronic cancer pain. The aim of this study is to
investigate the effect of oral opioid therapy, including its
duration and dosage, with the degree of depression in
chronic cancer pain.
Methods: This is a retrospective study including all
patients who visited palliative outpatient clinic of Soetomo
Hospital from April to June 2021. History of opioid
therapy and depression scale collected from medical
records. Depression assessed by trained physician using
Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS). Data was
analyzed using Chi Square and Spearman tests.
Results: This study included 87 patients, consisted of 59
males and 38 females. Fifty-three (60.9%) patients were
found given oral opioid therapy. Significant association
found between oral opioid prescription and incidence of
depression (p = 0.003). Opioid dosage (MED) (p=0.0001)
and using opioid ≥90 days (p=0.011) were also found
associated with the severity of depression. Severity of pain
was also analyzed and found to be associated with severity
of depression (p<0.0001). Multivariate analysis of all
factors was done and found that severe pain [OR 8.99 (CI
95%, 1.68-48.13)] have the highest risk of getting
depression in chronic cancer pain although oral opioid
therapy also increased the risk [OR 2.91 (CI 95%, 1.07-
7.96)]. Duration and dosage of opioid use were not
significantly associated with severity of depression.
Conclusion: Oral opioid therapy and severity of pain were
associated with severity of depression in chronic cancer
pain. Nevertheless, opioid prescription to achieve adequate
pain management may still be beneficial in preventing
depression in cancer patients.
Keywords :
Opioid, Duration of Opioid, Opioid Dosage, Severity of Pain, Severity of Depression, Chronic Cancer Pain.
Background: Opioid has become one of main
therapies in palliative care regarding to cancer pain.
Management of chronic cancer pain by opioid may affect
patient’s quality of life. Nevertheless, oral opioid therapy
has been reported correlated with increasing incidences of
depression in chronic non-cancer pain. This study is the
first study to analyze correlation of opioid with depression
in chronic cancer pain. The aim of this study is to
investigate the effect of oral opioid therapy, including its
duration and dosage, with the degree of depression in
chronic cancer pain.
Methods: This is a retrospective study including all
patients who visited palliative outpatient clinic of Soetomo
Hospital from April to June 2021. History of opioid
therapy and depression scale collected from medical
records. Depression assessed by trained physician using
Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS). Data was
analyzed using Chi Square and Spearman tests.
Results: This study included 87 patients, consisted of 59
males and 38 females. Fifty-three (60.9%) patients were
found given oral opioid therapy. Significant association
found between oral opioid prescription and incidence of
depression (p = 0.003). Opioid dosage (MED) (p=0.0001)
and using opioid ≥90 days (p=0.011) were also found
associated with the severity of depression. Severity of pain
was also analyzed and found to be associated with severity
of depression (p<0.0001). Multivariate analysis of all
factors was done and found that severe pain [OR 8.99 (CI
95%, 1.68-48.13)] have the highest risk of getting
depression in chronic cancer pain although oral opioid
therapy also increased the risk [OR 2.91 (CI 95%, 1.07-
7.96)]. Duration and dosage of opioid use were not
significantly associated with severity of depression.
Conclusion: Oral opioid therapy and severity of pain were
associated with severity of depression in chronic cancer
pain. Nevertheless, opioid prescription to achieve adequate
pain management may still be beneficial in preventing
depression in cancer patients.
Keywords :
Opioid, Duration of Opioid, Opioid Dosage, Severity of Pain, Severity of Depression, Chronic Cancer Pain.
