Primary tuberculosis of the parotid gland is a rare clinical entity, his diagnosis is not easy. It is the bacteriological and anatomopathological data that confirm this. The therapeutic management is primarily medical based on the prescription of anti-bacillary chemotherapy, in the absence of drug resistance, the evolution is generally favorable. The objective of this work is to report a new case of primary tuberculosis of the parotid gland in a child, and to recall the various challenges in the diagnosis posed by this condition.