⚠ Official Notice: www.ijisrt.com is the official website of the International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology (IJISRT) Journal for research paper submission and publication. Please beware of fake or duplicate websites using the IJISRT name.



Phytochemical Profiling and Antioxidant Activity of Vigna mungo Seeds: HPLC Quantification of Gallic Acid and Genistein with Potential Fertility-Enhancing Implications


Authors : Dr. Asha Bhausaheb Kadam

Volume/Issue : Volume 11 - 2026, Issue 7 - July


Google Scholar : https://tinyurl.com/3md3za5k

Scribd : https://tinyurl.com/ycv279uz

DOI : https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/26jul908

Note : A published paper may take 4-5 working days from the publication date to appear in PlumX Metrics, Semantic Scholar, and ResearchGate.


Abstract : Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper (black gram) is an important legume valued for its nutritional and medicinal properties. The present study evaluated the phytochemical profile and antioxidant potential of ethanolic seed extract of Vigna mungo. Seeds were extracted using the Soxhlet method with ethanol. Total phenolic content (TPC) was determined by the Folin–Ciocalteu method, antioxidant activity was assessed using the DPPH free radical scavenging assay, and selected phytochemical markers were quantified by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC).

Keywords : Vigna mungo, Antioxidant Activity, Total Phenolic Content, HPLC, Gallic Acid, Genistein, Fertility Enhancement, Reproductive Health.

References :

  1. Sofowora A, Ogunbodede E, Onayade A. The role and place of medicinal plants in the strategies for disease prevention. Afr J Tradit Complement Altern Med. 2018;15(3):210–229.
  2. Kumar S, Pandey AK. Chemistry and biological activities of flavonoids: An overview. Scientific World Journal. 2019;2019:162750.
  3. Ekor M. The growing use of herbal medicines: issues relating to adverse reactions and challenges in monitoring safety. Front Pharmacol. 2018;9:329.
  4. Hadi F, Sardar H, Alam W, et al. Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper: Ethnobotanical, pharmacological, phytochemical and nutritious profile. Phytochemistry Reviews. 2025;24:1119–1142.
  5. Dahiya PK, Linnemann AR, Van Boekel MAJS, et al. Nutritional composition of black gram. Food Research International. 2020;132:109061.
  6. Kirtikar KR, Basu BD. Indian Medicinal Plants. Vol. II. International Book Distributors; 2019.
  7. Sharma PV. Dravyaguna Vijnana. Chaukhambha Bharati Academy; 2020.
  8. Singh N, Singh B, Kaur A. Phytochemical constituents of Vigna mungo and their biological significance. J Food Legumes. 2021;34(2):112–120.
  9. Yadav RK, et al. Bioactive compounds in legumes: A review. Legume Research. 2022;45(4):401–410.
  10. Tuli HS, et al. Gallic acid: Therapeutic potential and molecular mechanisms. Anti-Cancer Agents Med Chem. 2022;22:123–135.
  11. Guelfi G, Pasquariello R, Anipchenko P, et al. The role of genistein in mammalian reproduction. Molecules. 2023;28:7436.
  12. Kahkeshani N, et al. Gallic acid and health effects: A review. Iran J Basic Med Sci. 2019;22:225–237.
  13. Ganai AA, Farooqi H. Bioactivity of genistein: A review. J Ayurveda Integr Med. 2021;12(2):230–240.
  14. Jefferson WN. Adult ovarian function and genistein exposure. Reproduction. 2020;160:R45–R58.
  15. Guelfi G, et al. Phytoestrogens and fertility: Current evidence. Molecules. 2023;28:7436.
  16. Agarwal A, et al. Oxidative stress and reproductive disorders. Reprod Biol Endocrinol. 2021;19:42.
  17. Sharma RK, Agarwal A. Role of oxidative stress in male infertility. Urology. 2020;138:7–13.
  18. Aitken RJ. Oxidative stress and female reproduction. Biol Reprod. 2021;104:8–18.
  19. Lobo V, et al. Free radicals, antioxidants and functional foods. Pharmacogn Rev. 2019;13:118–126.
  20. Shahidi F, Ambigaipalan P. Phenolics and antioxidant activity. J Funct Foods. 2021;78:104389.
  21. Singleton VL, Orthofer R, Lamuela-Raventós RM. Analysis of total phenols by Folin–Ciocalteu reagent. Methods Enzymol. 1999;299:152–178.
  22. Brand-Williams W, Cuvelier ME, Berset C. Use of free radical method to evaluate antioxidant activity. LWT-Food Sci Technol. 1995;28:25–30.
  23. Snyder LR, Kirkland JJ, Dolan JW. Introduction to Modern Liquid Chromatography. 3rd ed. Wiley; 2019.
  24. Dong MW. Modern HPLC for practicing scientists. Wiley; 2021.
  25. Harborne JB. Phytochemical Methods: A Guide to Modern Techniques of Plant Analysis. Springer; 2019.
  26. Azwanida NN. A review on extraction methods used in medicinal plants. Medicinal & Aromatic Plants. 2018;7(3):196.
  27. Pandey A, Tripathi S. Concept of standardization, extraction and pre-phytochemical screening strategies for herbal drug. J Pharmacogn Phytochem. 2019;8(3):115–119.
  28. Ainsworth EA, Gillespie KM. Estimation of total phenolic content using Folin–Ciocalteu reagent. Nat Protoc. 2018;13:157–169.
  29. Kedare SB, Singh RP. Genesis and development of DPPH method of antioxidant assay. J Food Sci Technol. 2018;55:412–422.
  30. Dong MW. Modern HPLC for Practicing Scientists. 2nd Edition. Wiley; 2021.
  31. Shahidi F, Yeo JD. Bioactivities of phenolics by focusing on antioxidant activities. Molecules. 2018;23(7):151.
  32. Cory H, Passarelli S, Szeto J, et al. The role of polyphenols in human health and food systems. Nutrients. 2018;10(12):1812.
  33. Xu BJ, Chang SKC. Total phenolic content and antioxidant properties of legumes. Food Chemistry. 2020;310:125902.
  34. Amarowicz R. Legume seeds as an important source of phenolic compounds. Food Research International. 2021;140:109997.
  35. Campos-Vega R, Loarca-Piña G, Oomah BD. Minor components of pulses and their potential impact on human health. Food Research International. 2020;43:461–482.
  36. Kahkeshani N, Farzaei F, Fotouhi M, et al. Pharmacological effects of gallic acid in health and disease. Iran J Basic Med Sci. 2019;22:225–237.
  37. Ganai AA, Farooqi H. Bioactivity of genistein: A review. J Ayurveda Integr Med. 2021;12(2):230–240.
  38. Dong MW. Applications of HPLC in phytochemical analysis and quality control. Journal of Chromatographic Science. 2021;59(5):401–412.
  39. Agarwal A, Baskaran S, Parekh N, et al. Male infertility and oxidative stress. World Journal of Men's Health. 2021;39(2):220–245.
  40. Guelfi G, Pasquariello R, Anipchenko P, et al. The role of genistein in mammalian reproduction. Molecules. 2023;28(21):7436.

Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper (black gram) is an important legume valued for its nutritional and medicinal properties. The present study evaluated the phytochemical profile and antioxidant potential of ethanolic seed extract of Vigna mungo. Seeds were extracted using the Soxhlet method with ethanol. Total phenolic content (TPC) was determined by the Folin–Ciocalteu method, antioxidant activity was assessed using the DPPH free radical scavenging assay, and selected phytochemical markers were quantified by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC).

Keywords : Vigna mungo, Antioxidant Activity, Total Phenolic Content, HPLC, Gallic Acid, Genistein, Fertility Enhancement, Reproductive Health.

Paper Submission Last Date
31 - August - 2026

SUBMIT YOUR PAPER CALL FOR PAPERS
Video Explanation for Published paper

Never miss an update from Papermashup

Get notified about the latest tutorials and downloads.

Subscribe by Email

Get alerts directly into your inbox after each post and stay updated.
Subscribe
OR

Subscribe by RSS

Add our RSS to your feedreader to get regular updates from us.
Subscribe