Authors : Awuzie Irene Chioma; Agbo Bernadine Chikodili; Alor Chinelo Jenny; Ogbue Chubuike Jude

Volume/Issue : Volume 11 - 2026, Issue 4 - April

Google Scholar : https://tinyurl.com/yky99y6p

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DOI : https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/26apr1517

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Abstract : Citrullus lanatus (watermelon) is cultivated extensively in tropical and subtropical regions, primarily for its edible pulp, while the seeds are often discarded despite their nutritional and medicinal value. This study examined the proximate composition and phytochemical constituents of C. lanatus seeds to highlight their potential as a functional food resource. Fresh seeds were obtained from Onitsha, Anambra State, Nigeria, identified botanically, manually extracted, sun-dried, milled into flour, and stored under controlled conditions before analysis. Proximate parameters were determined following standard AOAC procedures, while phytochemical constituents were quantified using established laboratory methods. The proximate analysis showed moisture content of 24.18%, ash 4.45%, protein 22.89%, fibre 14.00%, lipids 24.41%, and carbohydrates 10.07%. Phytochemical screening indicated low levels of tannins (0.0009 µg/g) and phenols (0.0009 µg/g), moderate flavonoid content (131.5 µg/g), and high alkaloid concentration (239.3 µg/g). When compared with previously reported values for dried seeds, the present results revealed higher protein and alkaloid contents but lower fibre levels, variations attributable to differences in seed moisture, processing, and environmental conditions. The findings confirm that C. lanatus seeds are a rich source of proteins, lipids, and bioactive compounds with potential antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. Their utilization could contribute to dietary diversification, nutraceutical development, and the reduction of agricultural waste.

Keywords : Citrullus Lanatus, Proximate Composition, Phytochemicals, Nutritional Value, Bioactive Compounds.

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