Authors :
Damilare Samson Olaleye
Volume/Issue :
Volume 10 - 2025, Issue 10 - October
Google Scholar :
https://tinyurl.com/2nxcj9ev
Scribd :
https://tinyurl.com/mrxbywrh
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/25oct1413
Note : A published paper may take 4-5 working days from the publication date to appear in PlumX Metrics, Semantic Scholar, and ResearchGate.
Note : Google Scholar may take 30 to 40 days to display the article.
Abstract :
A comprehensive review of resilient broadband expansion is important for advancing post-pandemic recovery
while promoting equity and sustainability in underserved United States regions. This study examines the intersection of
energy efficiency, digital inclusion, and infrastructure resilience, highlighting strategies that support scalable and
environmentally responsible broadband deployment. The findings reveal that energy-efficient broadband reduces
operational costs, lowers environmental impact, and strengthens access to essential services such as telehealth, remote
education, and digital commerce. However, governance models emphasizing infrastructure sharing, affordability supports,
and community engagement are critical for sustaining long-term outcomes. Energy-aware broadband design emerges as a
cornerstone for sustainable development, enabling underserved communities to benefit from equitable connectivity while
contributing to climate goals and national resilience. Therefore, adopting green deployment models ensures that broadband
expansion fosters both social inclusion and environmental stewardship.
Keywords :
Broadband Equity, Energy Efficiency, Renewable Infrastructure, Sustainable Connectivity, Resilience, Rural Broadband.
References :
- Adebayo, Y., & Joseph, O. (2025). Public-Private Partnerships for Rural Broadband Expansion. ResearchGate.https://www.researchgate.net/publication/392661390_PublicPrivate_Partnerships_for_Rural_Broadband_Expansion
- Agarwal, A., & Canfield, C. (2024). Analysis of rural broadband adoption dynamics: A theory-driven agent-based model. PLOS ONE, 19(6), e0302146. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0302146
- Aljohani, T. M., Assolami, Y. O., Alrumayh, O., Mohamed, M. A., & Almutairi, A. (2025). Sustainable Energy Systems in a Post-Pandemic World: A Taxonomy-Based Analysis of Global Energy-Related Markets Responses and Strategies Following COVID-19. Sustainability, 17(5), 2307. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17052307
- Allen S. (2025). Trends and Disparities in Broadband Internet Access in the United States, 2013 to 2023. Socius : sociological research for a dynamic world, 11, 10.1177/23780231251363238. https://doi.org/10.1177/23780231251363238
- Bai, Y., Wang, R. Y., & Jayakar, K. (2022). What $2.5 billion can buy: The effect of the Broadband Initiatives Program on farm productivity. Telecommunications Policy, 46(7), 102404. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.telpol.2022.102404
- Chattopadhyay, A., Sauer, P. W., & Witmer, A.-P. (2024). Can renewable energy work for rural societies? Exploring productive use, institutions, support systems, and trust for solar electricity in the Navajo Nation. Energy Research & Social Science, 107, 103342–103342. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erss.2023.103342
- Congressional Research Service. (2021). Tribal broadband: Status of deployment and federal funding programs. CRS Report R46612. https://crsreports.congress.gov/product/pdf/R/R46612
- Cortés-Albornoz, M. C., Ramírez-Guerrero, S., García-Guáqueta, D. P., Vélez-Van-Meerbeke, A., & Talero-Gutiérrez, C. (2023). Effects of remote learning during COVID-19 lockdown on children's learning abilities and school performance: A systematic review. International journal of educational development, 101, 102835. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijedudev.2023.102835
- De Weger, E., Van Vooren, N. J. E., Drewes, H. W., Luijkx, K. G., & Baan, C. A. (2020). Searching for new community engagement approaches in the Netherlands: a realist qualitative study. BMC Public Health, 20(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-020-08616-6
- Deevela, N. R., Kandpal, T. C., & Singh, B. (2023). A review of renewable energy based power supply options for telecom towers. Environment, development and sustainability, 1–68. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-023-02917-7
- Emmanuel, M. (2025). Broadband’s Role in Precision Agriculture. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/392590854_Broadband
- Federal Communications Commission (FCC). (2023). National broadband map: Broadband serviceable location fabric. https://broadbandmap.fcc.gov
- Fourteenth Broadband Deployment Report. (2021, February 1). Federal Communications Commission. https://www.fcc.gov/reports-research/reports/broadband-progress-reports/fourteenth-broadband-deployment-report
- Government Accountability Office (GAO). (2023). Broadband affordability: FCC should improve ACP performance goals and measures. GAO-23-105626. https://www.gao.gov/products/gao-23-105626
- Graves, J. M., Abshire, D. A., Amiri, S., & Mackelprang, J. L. (2021). Disparities in Technology and Broadband Internet Access Across Rurality: Implications for Health and Education. Family & community health, 44(4), 257–265. https://doi.org/10.1097/FCH.0000000000000306
- Hampton, K., Fernandez, L., Robertson, C., & Bauer, J. M. (2020). Repercussions of Poor Broadband Connectivity for Students in Rural and Small Town Michigan. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3749644
- Humphrey, C., Mack, E. A., & Horrigan, J. B. (2025). Moving toward a continuum model of broadband affordability for low-income households. Telecommunications Policy, 103027–103027. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.telpol.2025.103027
- Islam, M. M., Hasan, M., Mia, M. S., Masud, A. A., & Abu. (2025). Early Warning Systems in Climate Risk Management: Roles and Implementations in Eradicating Barriers and Overcoming Challenges. Natural Hazards Research. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nhres.2025.01.007
- Kelley, B., & Sisneros, L. (2020). Broadband Access and the Digital Divides. Policy Brief. Education Commission of the States.
- Kostelnick, J. C., Thayn, J. B., & Sinha, K. (2024). Mapping and spatial analysis to expand rural broadband access. Papers in Applied Geography, 10(2), 1–22. https://doi.org/10.1080/23754931.2024.2332238
- Lai, J., & Widmar, N. O. (2021). Revisiting the Digital Divide in the COVID-19 Era. Applied economic perspectives and policy, 43(1), 458–464. https://doi.org/10.1002/aepp.13104
- LoPiccalo, K. (2022). Impact of broadband penetration on United States Farm productivity: A panel approach. Telecommunications Policy, 46(9), 102396. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.telpol.2022.102396
- Masanet, E., Shehabi, A., Lei, N., Smith, S., & Koomey, J. (2020). Recalibrating global data center energy-use estimates. Science, 367(6481), 984–986. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aba3758
- Michael, Ilesanmi & Jayathilake, Dulanjala & Idowu, Marvel & Oluwasogo, Joseph. (2025). Identifying Resilient Broadband Paths via GIS.
- Mulvaney-Day, N., Dean, D., Jr, Miller, K., & Camacho-Cook, J. (2022). Trends in Use of Telehealth for Behavioral Health Care During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Considerations for Payers and Employers. American journal of health promotion : AJHP, 36(7), 1237–1241. https://doi.org/10.1177/08901171221112488e
- National Digital Inclusion Alliance (NDIA). (2022). The digital divide persists: An analysis of United States Census data on household Internet adoption. https://www.digitalinclusion.org
- National Telecommunications and Information Administration (NTIA). (2022). Internet for All initiative: Broadband Equity, Access, and Deployment (BEAD) program notice of funding opportunity. United States Department of Commerce. https://www.internetforall.gov/program/broadband-equity-access-and-deployment-bead-program
- Oostdam, R., van Diepen, M., Zijlstra, B., & Fukkink, R. (2023). Effects of the COVID-19 school lockdowns on language and math performance of students in elementary schools: implications for educational practice and reducing inequality. European journal of psychology of education = Journal europeen de psychologie de l'education, 1–21. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10212-023-00679-4
- Rajak, P., Ganguly, A., Adhikary, S., & Bhattacharya, S. (2023). Internet of Things and smart sensors in agriculture: Scopes and challenges. Journal of Agriculture and Food Research, 14(14), 100776. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jafr.2023.100776
- Reisdorf, B. C., Yankelevich, A., Shapiro, M., & Dutton, W. H. (2019). Wirelessly bridging the homework gap: Technical options and social challenges in getting broadband to disconnected students. Education and Information Technologies, 24(6), 3803–3821. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-019-09953-9
- Salmon, C., Bell, K., Reyes, E., Ireland, E., & Danek, R. (2025). An analysis of telehealth in a post-pandemic rural, Midwestern community: increased comfort and a preference for primary care. BMC health services research, 25(1), 270. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-025-12413-5.
- Sanders, C. K., & Scanlon, E. (2021). The digital divide is a human rights issue: Advancing social inclusion through social work advocacy. Journal of Human Rights and Social Work, 6(2), 130–143. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41134-020-00147-9
- Seneviratne, K., Nadeeshani, M., Senaratne, S., & Perera, S. (2024). Use of Social Media in Disaster Management: Challenges and Strategies. Sustainability, 16(11), 4824. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16114824
- Shaver J. (2022). The State of Telehealth Before and After the COVID-19 Pandemic. Primary care, 49(4), 517–530. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pop.2022.04.002
- Stocker, V., Lehr, W., & Georgios Smaragdakis. (2023). COVID-19 and the Internet: Lessons Learned. 17–69. https://doi.org/10.1108/978-1-80262-049-820231002
- Strover, S., Riedl, M. J., & Dickey, S. (2021). Scoping new policy frameworks for local and community broadband networks. Telecommunications Policy, 102171. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.telpol.2021.102171
- US Census Bureau. (2022). The Number of People Primarily Working From Home Tripled Between 2019 and 2021. Census.gov. https://www.census.gov/newsroom/press-releases/2022/people-working-from-home.html
- USDA ReConnect Program Announces $313M in Broadband Funding - Telecompetitor. (2024). Telecompetitor.com. https://www.telecompetitor.com/usda-reconnect-program-announces-313m-in-broadband-funding/
- Valentín-Sívico, J., Canfield, C., Low, S. A., & Gollnick, C. (2023). Evaluating the impact of broadband access and internet use in a small underserved rural community. Telecommunications Policy, 47(4), 102499. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.telpol.2023.102499
- Zhang, Q., Zhou, L., & Xia, J. (2020). Impact of COVID-19 on Emotional Resilience and Learning Management of Middle School Students. Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research, 26, e924994. https://doi.org/10.12659/MSM.924994
A comprehensive review of resilient broadband expansion is important for advancing post-pandemic recovery
while promoting equity and sustainability in underserved United States regions. This study examines the intersection of
energy efficiency, digital inclusion, and infrastructure resilience, highlighting strategies that support scalable and
environmentally responsible broadband deployment. The findings reveal that energy-efficient broadband reduces
operational costs, lowers environmental impact, and strengthens access to essential services such as telehealth, remote
education, and digital commerce. However, governance models emphasizing infrastructure sharing, affordability supports,
and community engagement are critical for sustaining long-term outcomes. Energy-aware broadband design emerges as a
cornerstone for sustainable development, enabling underserved communities to benefit from equitable connectivity while
contributing to climate goals and national resilience. Therefore, adopting green deployment models ensures that broadband
expansion fosters both social inclusion and environmental stewardship.
Keywords :
Broadband Equity, Energy Efficiency, Renewable Infrastructure, Sustainable Connectivity, Resilience, Rural Broadband.