Authors : Boddu Prathyusha; Balaji K; G. Anirudh Reddy; P. Suijth; VRS Anusha; Bakhtawar Md; Sailaja Gunnam

Volume/Issue : Volume 10 - 2025, Issue 1 - January

Google Scholar : https://tinyurl.com/hanmzf6v

Scribd : https://tinyurl.com/ym7tf9kc

DOI : https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14651214

Abstract : Guava leaves (Psidium guajava) offer great potential as a natural resource for both cosmetics and traditional remedies. Herbal formulations are now widely utilized for their therapeutic benefits, as medicinal plants and their active compounds are generally less toxic and cause minimal side effects. This review focuses on the bioactive compounds found in guava leaves, including flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and triterpenoids, which contribute to their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties. These attributes support therapeutic activities such as wound healing, eczema treatment, and hair care. Cosmeceutical formulations incorporating guava leaves offer a natural and effective alternative to synthetic agents, enhancing product safety, efficacy, and sustainability. Guava leaf extracts are effective in promoting hydration, anti-aging, and skin- brightening benefits for both skin and hair. Guava leaves' special therapeutic and cosmetic qualities are used in products like cleansers, moisturizers, and serums that appeal to diverse skin types. Specific benefits, including antioxidant richness, cost-effectiveness, and targeted therapeutic effects, further strengthen the case for their sustainability. Additionally, combining guava leaves with synthetic ingredients in cosmetics can amplify their benefits. This review also discusses the ways that guava leaves support skin health, reduce oxidative stress, and inhibit microbial growth, offering valuable insights for future product development and clinical applications.

Keywords : Psidium guajava; Extract; Bioactive Components; Cosmeceutical Formulations.

References :

1. Gunnam Sailaja, Saaniya, S. Chandan Sai Teja, B. Pravallika Yadav, Monika Nijhawan, “Herbal Nanosuspensions - A Transformative Approach for Poorly Soluble Drugs”, International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology, 9 (2,)1492-1498. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14564981
2. J. F. Morton, Fruits of Warm Climates, Winterville, NC, USA: Creative Resource Systems, Inc., 1987.
3. R. M. P. Gutiérrez, S. Mitchell, and R. V. Solis, “Psidium guajava: A review of its traditional uses, phytochemistry, and pharmacology,” Journal of Ethnopharmacology, vol. 117, no. 1, pp. 1–27, Jan. 2008. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2008.01.025
4. M. Das, S. Goswami, and P. Student, “Antifungal and antibacterial property of guava (Psidium guajava) leaf extract: Role of phytochemicals,” International Journal of Health Sciences and Research, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 39, Feb. 2019.
5. S. D. Shruthi, A. Roshan, S. Sharma, and S. Sunita, "A review on the medicinal plant Psidium guajava Linn. (Myrtaceae)," J. Drug Deliv. Ther., vol. 3, pp. 162–168, 2013.
6. S. Sravani, C. S. Charitha, and R. R. Nadendla, “A complete review on Psidium guajava Linn (medicinal plant),” International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Review and Research, vol. 67, no. 2, pp. 13–17, 2021. https://doi.org/10.47583/ijpsrr.2021.v67i02.003
7. M. Kumar, M. Tomar, R. Amarowicz, V. Saurabh, M. Sneha Nair, C. Maheshwari, M. Sasi, U. Prajapati, M. Hasan, S. Singh, S. Changan, R. K. Prajapat, M. K. Berwal, and V. Satankar, “Guava (Psidium guajava L.) leaves: Nutritional composition, phytochemical profile, and health-promoting bioactivities,” Foods, vol. 10, no. 4, 2021.https://doi.org/10.3390/foods10040752
8. C. W. Liu, Y. C. Wang, H. C. Lu, and W. D. Chiang, "Optimization of ultrasound-assisted extraction conditions for total phenols with anti-hyperglycemic activity from Psidium guajava leaves," Process Biochem., vol. 49, pp. 1601–1605, 2014.
9. S. Naseer, S. Hussain, N. Naeem, et al., “Wound healing properties of ethanolic extract of Psidium guajava leaves,” BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, vol. 19, no. 1, p. 34, 2019.
10. R. De Oliveira Teixeira, M. L. Camparoto, M. S. Mantovani, and V. E. P. Vicentini, “Assessment of two medicinal plants, Psidium guajava L. and Achillea millefolium L., in in vitro and in vivo assays,” Genetics and Molecular Biology, vol. 26, no. 4, pp. 551–555, 2003.https://doi.org/10.1590/s1415-47572003000400021
11. M. Heinrich, A. Ankli, B. Frei, C. Weimann, and O. Sticher, “Medicinal plants in Mexico: Healers’ consensus and cultural importance,” Social Science & Medicine, vol. 47, no. 11, pp. 1859–1871, 1998.https://doi.org/10.1016/s0277-9536(98)00181-6.
12. S. V. Luca, I. Macovei, A. Bujor, A. Miron, K. Skalicka-Woźniak, A. C. Aprotosoaie, and A. Trifan, “Bioactivity of dietary polyphenols: The role of metabolites,” Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, vol. 60, no. 4, pp. 626–659, 2019.https://doi.org/10.1080/10408398.2018.1546669
13. H. Rasouli, M. H. Farzaei, and R. Khodarahmi, “Polyphenols and their benefits: A review,” International Journal of Food Properties, vol. 20, sup2,pp.1700–1741,2017. https://doi.org/10.1080/10942912.2017.1354017
14. K. Ravi and P. Divyashree, "Psidium guajava: A review on its potential as an adjunct in treating periodontal disease," Pharmacognosy Rev., vol. 8, no. 16, pp. 96–100, 2014.
15. A. Mohapatra, V. Nandal, M. Solanki, and V. V. Pathak, “A review on pharmaceutical and environmental applications of guava (Psidium guajava) leaves,” Journal of Applied and Natural Science, vol. 16, no. 2, pp. 607–622, 2024. Applied and Natural Science Foundation. https://doi.org/10.31018/jans.v16i2.5484
16. S. Biswas, P. Talukdar, and S. N. Talapatra, “Presence of phytochemicals in fruits and leaves of guava (Psidium guajava Linn.) for cancer prevention: A mini review,” Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics, vol. 9, no. 4-s, pp. 726–729, 2019.https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v9i4-s.3290
17. B. Lok, D. Babu, Y. Tabana, S. S. Dahham, M. A. A. Adam, K. Barakat, and D. Sandai, "The anticancer potential of Psidium guajava (guava) extracts," Life (Basel, Switzerland), vol. 13, no. 2, p. 346, 2023.
18. X. Zhu, W. Ouyang, C. Pan, Z. Gao, Y. Han, M. Song, et al., "Identification of a new benzophenone from Psidium guajava L. leaves and its antineoplastic effects on human colon cancer cells," Food & Function, vol. 10, no. 7, pp. 4189–4198, 2019.
19. S. S. Handa, S. P. S. Khanuja, G. Longo, and D. D. Rakesh, Extraction technologies for medicinal and aromatic plants, 1st ed., no. 66, United Nations Industrial Development Organization and the International Centre for Science and High Technology, Italy, 2008.
20. N. N. Azwanida, “A review on the extraction methods used in medicinal plants, principle, strength, and limitation,” Medicinal & Aromatic Plants, vol. 4, no. 3, 2015.
21. B. Kaufmann and P. Christen, “Recent extraction techniques for natural products: Microwave-assisted extraction and pressurized solvent extraction,” Phytochemical Analysis, vol. 13, pp. 105–113, 2002.
22. Y. Naudé, W. H. J. De Beer, S. Jooste, L. Van Der Merwe, and S. J. Van Rensburg, “Comparison of supercritical fluid extraction and Soxhlet extraction for the determination of DDT, DDD, and DDE in sediment,” Water SA, vol. 24, pp. 205–214, 1998.
23. F. Afroze and M. T. Hossain, “Proximate analysis, phytochemical screening and antioxidant activity of Psidium guajava leaves growing in coastal area of Bangladesh,” World Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, vol. 4, pp. 140–151, 2015.
24. R. Afifi and E. Erlin, "Antibacterial test of guava leaf extract (Psidium guajava L.) against the inhibition zone of the acne bacteria Propionibacterium acnes in vitro," J. Kesehatan Bakti Tunas Husada, vol. 17, no. 2, pp. 321–330, 2017.
25. L. Growther and S. Sukirtha, "Phytochemical analysis and antimicrobial properties of Psidium guajava leaves and bark extracts," Asian J. Pharm., vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 318–323, 2018.
26. R. W. Sari and R. Anggraeny, “Formulasi sediaan lulur (body scrub) ekstrak daun jambu biji (Psidium guajava Linn) sebagai anti oksida,” J. Ilm. Mns. Dan Kesehat., vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 419–424.
27. D. A. Lestari, N. Sulastri, O. Rajebi, and N. Yuniarsih, “Potency of guava leaf extract (Psidium guajava L.) as a cosmetic formulation: A narrative literature review,” Archives of The Medicine and Case Reports, vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 285–289, 2022.. https://doi.org/10.37275/amcr.v3i3.211
28. T. Wongsanao, W. Leemingsawat, V. Panapisal, and T. Kritpet, “Thermoregulatory effects of guava leaf extract-menthol toner application for post-exercise use,” Pharmaceutical Biology, vol. 59, no. 1, pp. 854–859, 2021.
29. R. D. Sosalia, W. A. Subaidah, and H. Muliasari, “Formulation and testing of antioxidant activity of peel-off mask preparations ethanol extract of guava leaves (Psidium guajava L.),” Lumbung Farmasi, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 146–153, 2021
30. M. O. Ilomuanya, T. Ajayi, I. Carduso-daodu, T. Akhimien, O. Adeyinka, et al., “Formulation and evaluation of polyherbal antioxidant face cream containing ethanol extracts of Psidium guajava and Ocimum gratissimum,” Nig. J. Pharm. Res., vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 61–68, 2018.
31. Haleem Khan, A. A.; Naseem.; Vardhini, B. V., Springer Briefs in Applied Sciences and Technology., 2016, 7, 81-89. Gayathri, V.; Kiruba, D., IJPPR., 2014, 6(2), 332–334.
32. C. Rojas-Garbanzo, B. F. Zimmermann, N. Schulze-Kaysers, and A. Schieber, “Food Res. Int.,” vol. 100, no. 3, pp. 445–453, 2017.
33. D. H. D. Dewage Dona and C. S. K. Rajapakse, “A review of the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities and photoprotective properties of Psidium guajava L.,” Oriental Journal of Chemistry, vol. 40, no. 5, pp. 1240–1249, 2024.. https://doi.org/10.13005/ojc/400505
34. S. Meisani, N. H. Aulia, and H. Hardani, “Liquid deodorant formulation of guava leaf (Psidium guajava L.) ethanol extract as an antibacterial against Staphylococcus epidermidis,” Pharm. Traditional Med., vol. 2, pp. 73, 2018.
35. N. D. Twarita, N. P. Shivam, N. S. Sadaf, N. N. Sanjana, and N. Y. Prince, "Formulation and evaluation of herbal anti-acne gel containing extracts of Tabernaemontana divaricata and Psidium guajava," Int. J. Ayurveda Pharma Res., pp. 23–28, 2024.
36. L. Nasyanka, J. Na'imah, and N. Yunitasari, "Emulgel formulation of guava leaf ethanol extract (Psidium guajava Linn.) as an anti-acne cleanser," J. Ilmu Farmasi Farmasi Klinik, vol. 17, no. 2, pp. 87–94, 2020
37. C. Bhajan, J. S. Govinden, and V. M. R. Sanmukhiya, "Antidandruff property of Psidium guajava leaf extracts," Natural Resources for Human Health, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 38–45, 2023. https://doi.org/10.53365/nrfhh/150396
38. S. Shaheena, A. D. Chintagunta, V. R. Dirisala, and N. S. Sampath Kumar, “Extraction of bioactive compounds from Psidium guajava and their application in dentistry,” AMB Express, vol. 9, no. 1, 2019.https://doi.org/10.1186/s13568-019-0935-x
39. J. Seo, S. Lee, M. L. Elam, S. A. Johnson, J. Kang, and B. H. Arjmandi, “Study to find the best extraction solvent for use with guava leaves (Psidium guajava L.) for high antioxidant efficacy,” Food Sci. Nutr., vol. 2, pp. 174–180, 2014.
40. B. Setiawan, R. Fika, M. Fadhila, M. Trisna, and L. A. Putri, “Effect of different concentrations of propylene glycol and glycerin on the formulation of guava leaf (Psidium guajava Linn.) body scrub with white rice (Oryza sativa Linn.),” Jurnal EduHealth, vol. 14, no. 3, pp. 1332–1336, 2023.. https://doi.org/10.54209/jurnaleduhealth.v14i3.2604
41. M. Zahin, I. Ahmad, and F. Aqil, “Antioxidant and antimutagenic potential of Psidium guajava leaf extracts,” Drug Chem. Toxicol., vol. 40, no. 2, pp. 146–153, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1080/01480545.2016.1188397
42. B. Biswas, K. Rogers, F. McLaughlin, D. Daniels, and A. Yadav, “Antimicrobial activities of leaf extracts of guava (Psidium guajava L.) on two gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria,” Int. J. Microbiol., pp. 1–7, 2013 https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/746165
43. M. N. Mailoa, M. Mahendradatta, A. Laga, and N. Djide, “Antimicrobial activities of tannins extract from guava leaves (Psidium guajava L. [Myrtaceae]) on pathogens microbial,” Int. J. Sci. Technol. Res., vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 236–241, 2014
44. Piérard, G., Elsner, P., Marks, R., Masson, P., & Paye, M. (2003). EEMCO Guidance for the Efficacy Assessment of Antiperspirants and Deodorants. Skin Pharmacology and Physiology, 16(5), 324–342. https://doi.org/10.1159/000072072
45. P. Leelapornpisid, L. Mungmai, B. Sirithunyalug, S. Jiranusornkul, and Y. Peerapornpisal, “A novel moisturizer extracted from freshwater macroalga Rhizoclonium hieroglyphicum (C. Agardh) Kützing for skin care cosmetic,” Chiang Mai J. Sci., vol. 41, no. 5.2, pp. 1195–1207, 2014.
46. T. C. Flynn, J. Petros, R. E. Clark, and G. E. Viehman, “Dry skin and moisturizers,” Clin. Dermatol., vol. 19, no. 4, pp. 387–392, 2001.
47. A. V. Rawlings, D. A. Canestrari, and B. Dobkowski, “Moisturizer technology versus clinical performance,” Dermatol. Ther., vol. 17, no. s1, pp. 49–56, 2004.
48. A. R. Puspaningtyas, "Evaluation of the effect of red guava (Psidium guajava) fruit extract on tyrosinase (EC 1.14.18.1) activity by spectrophotometry," International Current Pharmaceutical Journal, vol. 1, no. 5, pp. 92–97, 2012. https://doi.org/10.3329/icpj.v1i5.10280
49. L. Fox, C. Csongradi, M. Aucamp, J. Du Plessis, and M. Gerber, “Treatment modalities for acne,” Molecules, vol. 21, no. 8, p. 1063, 2016. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules21081063