Authors :
Dr. Pranita Shirsat; Dr. Sushant Mane
Volume/Issue :
Volume 8 - 2023, Issue 2 - February
Scribd :
https://bit.ly/41YCMi3
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7714321
Abstract :
A rare case presentation of rifampin induced
idiopathic thrombocytopenia purpura The most common
cause of acute onset of thrombocytopenia in an otherwise
well child is (autoimmune) idiopathic thrombocytopenic
purpura (ITP). In a small number of children, estimated
at 1 in 20,000, 1-4 wk after exposure to a common viral
infection, an autoantibody directed against the platelet
surface develops with resultant sudden onset of
thrombocytopenia. A recent history of viral illness is
described in 50–65% of children with ITP. The peak age
is 1-4 yr, although the age ranges from early in infancy to
elderly. In childhood, males and females are equally
affected. ITP seems to occur more often in late winter and
spring after the peak season of viral respiratory illness.
The exact antigenic target for most such antibodies in
most cases of childhood acute ITP remains undetermined,
although in chronic ITP many patients demonstrate
antibodies against αIIb-β3 and GPIb. After binding of the
antibody to the platelet surface, circulating antibodycoated platelets are recognized by the Fc receptor on
splenic macrophages, ingested, and destroyed. Most
common viruses have been described in association with
ITP, including Epstein-Barr virus (EBV; see Chapter
281) and HIV (see Chapter 302). EBV-related ITP is
usually of short duration and follows the course of
infectious mononucleosis. HIV-associated ITP is usually
chronic. In some patients, ITP appears to arise in children
infected with Helicobacter pylori or rarely following
vaccines and after some drugs include valproic acid,
phenytoin, carbamazepine, sulfonamides, vancomycin,
and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and in rare cases
rifampicin.
A rare case presentation of rifampin induced
idiopathic thrombocytopenia purpura The most common
cause of acute onset of thrombocytopenia in an otherwise
well child is (autoimmune) idiopathic thrombocytopenic
purpura (ITP). In a small number of children, estimated
at 1 in 20,000, 1-4 wk after exposure to a common viral
infection, an autoantibody directed against the platelet
surface develops with resultant sudden onset of
thrombocytopenia. A recent history of viral illness is
described in 50–65% of children with ITP. The peak age
is 1-4 yr, although the age ranges from early in infancy to
elderly. In childhood, males and females are equally
affected. ITP seems to occur more often in late winter and
spring after the peak season of viral respiratory illness.
The exact antigenic target for most such antibodies in
most cases of childhood acute ITP remains undetermined,
although in chronic ITP many patients demonstrate
antibodies against αIIb-β3 and GPIb. After binding of the
antibody to the platelet surface, circulating antibodycoated platelets are recognized by the Fc receptor on
splenic macrophages, ingested, and destroyed. Most
common viruses have been described in association with
ITP, including Epstein-Barr virus (EBV; see Chapter
281) and HIV (see Chapter 302). EBV-related ITP is
usually of short duration and follows the course of
infectious mononucleosis. HIV-associated ITP is usually
chronic. In some patients, ITP appears to arise in children
infected with Helicobacter pylori or rarely following
vaccines and after some drugs include valproic acid,
phenytoin, carbamazepine, sulfonamides, vancomycin,
and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and in rare cases
rifampicin.
