Authors : Dr B Pooja Krishnan; Dr K Ravindra Bhat; Dr Waheeda Banu

Volume/Issue : Volume 9 - 2024, Issue 6 - June

Google Scholar : https://tinyurl.com/y8wddxu5

Scribd : https://tinyurl.com/4x7rc936

DOI : https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/IJISRT24JUN853

Note : A published paper may take 4-5 working days from the publication date to appear in PlumX Metrics, Semantic Scholar, and ResearchGate.

Abstract : In Ayurveda food is considered as superior medicine and one among the vital supporting pillars of health [1]. A diet should provide physical and mental well-being, along with the dynamic equilibrium of various structural and functional units of the individual. Pranavaha srotas includes diseases of respiratory system ie, swasa, kasa, hikka, rajayakshma where aetiology prevention is the primary treatment. Difficulty in breathing or shortness of breath caused due to excessive intake of kapha aggravating food and regimen the kapha along with vata gets into pitta sthana which is termed as swasa (Asthma). Vitiated vata dosha along with kapha dosha obstructs the pranavaha, udakavaha and annavaha srotasa (respiratory system, watery elements & digestive system) and produces different types of hikka vyadhi. Hikka canbe correlated in modern science with hiccup. The vitiated Prana vayu along with udana vayu which further gets aggravated in association with other doshas and expelled out forcefully with a coughing sound like the broken bronze vessel, called as Kasa. Rajayakshma is one among the Asta mahagadas (eight dreadful diseases) described by Acharya Charaka and is known as the "king of the disease", it can be correlated to pulmonary tuberculosis due to similarity in symptoms. Globally, respiratory diseases both communicable and noncommunicable, are among the leading causes of mortality, morbidity, economic and societal burden, and disability-adjusted life years. Respiratory diseases are abnormalities that affect the air passages, the bronchi, and the lungs. By understanding the parameters of pathya/wholesome and apathy/unwholesome relating to respiratory system one can easily prevent, cure and avoid recurrence of the disease pertaining to the same. Pathya can be understood as those practices which do not afflict the patha/srotas/channels of circulation and is relishing to manas (mind). On the contrary, Apathya is that which is Apriya (Not relished) to Manas, such a Dravya should not be consumed on daily basis.

Keywords : Pathya, Apthya, Pranavaha Srotas.

References :

1. Yadhava T., editor. Charaka Samhita of Agnivesha, Sootra Sthana. Ch. 11, Ver. 12.3 (rd) edition, Varanasi: Chaukambha Surabharati Prakashana; 2008. p.67.
2. Agnivesha, Charaka, Dradhabala, Charaka Samhita, Sutrasthana, edited by Pt. Kashinath Shastri, reprint edition, Chaukhamba Bharati Academy, Varanasi, Adhyaya 2003:25/45:478
3. T. Sreekumar,Principles of Ayurveda, Ashtangahridaya, Vagbhata, Sutrastana -1, with English transilation and commentary, publication department Harisree hospital,Thrissur 3^rd updated edition, 2011, P.40
4. Pandey K, Chaurvedi G, eds Vimansthana, Rasvimanadhyaya, Charaka Samhita. Varanasi, India: Chaukambha Bhartiya Academy; 2015, shlok21, p. 680.Reprint.
5. 13. Nidana Prakasha A Textbook of Roga Nidana and Vikriti Vigyan, Dr. Gopikrishna S Acharya, 2022, p.140
6. Agnivesh, Yonivyaapad Chikitsa, Chikitsa Sthan, Charak Samhita with Chakrapani Teeka, ed. Yadavji Trikam Ji, 1st edition, Chaukhambha Surbharti Prakashan, Varanasi, 2014; 649.
7. Kashyap, editor Amlapitta Chikitsaadhyay, Prof.P.V.Tiwari, Kashyap Samhita, first edition, Varanasi, Chaukhamba Vishvabharti, 1996; page-468
8. Harit, Aushadha Parigyan Vidhan, TrityaSthan, editor Harihara Prashad Tipathi, Chaukhambha Krishnadas Academy, Varanasi, 2005; page- 173.
9. Yadavji Trikamji Acharya, Charaka Samhitha Ayurveda Deepika Vyakhyan, Chaukhamba Surbharti Prakashan, Varanasi, 2013, pp.250
10. Nidana Prakasha A Textbook of Roga Nidana and Vikriti Vigyan, Dr. Gopikrishna S Acharya, 2022, pp.141
11. Mishra S.N, Bhashajyaratnavali, Siddhipradha Hindi Commentary, Kasarogadhikara Chaukhambha Bharati Academy, Varanasi Reprint 2021. P.457
12. Mishra S.N., Bhashajyaratnavali, Siddhipradha Hindi Commentary, Kasarogadhikara Chaukhambha Bharati Academy, Varanasi Reprint 2021. P.457
13. Charaka. Charaka Samhita. Pt. Rajeswara Datta Shastri, Editor. Chikitsasthana 18/6, Chaukhambha Bharati Academy, Varanasi, Reprinted, 2011; 532.
14. Vaghbhatta. Astanga Sangraha. Atrideva Gupta, Editor, Chaukhamba Krishnadas Academy, Varanasi, Printed, 2005; Chikitsasthan 4.
15. Vaghbhatta. Astanga Hridaya. Atrideva Gupta. Editor, Chaukhambha Prakashan, Varanasi, Reprint, 2012; Chikitsasthan 3.
16. Indradeva Tripathi, Editor. Chakradatta, Chaukhamba Sanskrit Bhawan, Varanasi, 2014. Kasa chikitsa prakrana.
17. Vangasena. Vangasena, Pt. Harihara Prashada Tripathi, Editor, Chaukhambha Krishna Das Academy, Varanasi, Edition, 2009; Kasaadhikaar 48.
18. Govindadasa. Bhaishajya Ratnavali. Ambikadatta Shashtri,      editor.Varanasi: Chaukhamba Prakashan, 2011; Kasa chikitsa prakrana, 15.
19. Shri Vishwanath kaviraj. Pathya apathya vinirnaya. Bramhanand Tripathi. Editor. Chaukhamba Sanskrit Pratisthan, 39: 40.
20. Bhavamishra. Bhavaprakasha Nighantu. Chunekar KC. Editor. Chaukhamba Bharati Academy; Varanasi, 2013.
21. Vaidhya Yadavaji Trikamji Acharya. Ayurveda Deepika. Commentary ofChakrapani on Charaka Samhita of Agnivesha. Chikitsasthana-17/91-120. 3rd Edn Reprint. Varanasi: Chaukhambha Orientalia; 2011; 537p.
22. Acharya Yadavji Trikamji, Acharya Narayana Ram Kavyatirtha. Nibandha Sangraha. Commentary of Dalhana and Nyayachandrika Commentary by Sri Gayadasacharya on Sushruta Samhita of Sushruta. Sutrasthana,46/14-418. 3rd Edn. Varanasi, Krishnadas Academy; 2013; 214-244p.
23. Shastri Hari Pandit. Bhishagacharya. Commentaries Sarvanga Sundari of Arunadatta and Ayurveda Rasayana by Hemadri on Ashtanga Hridaya of Vagbhata. Sutrasthana 6/1. Varanasi: Krishnadas Academy; 2006; 84p.
24. Indradev Tripathi, Daya Shankar Tripathi. Yoga Ratnakara. Shwasa Rogadhyaya, verses-65-66. Varanasi: Krishnadas Academy; 1998; 346p.
25. Shashtri Ambikadatta, Mishra Bramashankara. Bhaishajya Ratnavali by Sri Govindadas with ‘Vidyotini’ Hindi Commentary. 16/132-134. 15th Edn Revised. Varanasi: Chaukambha Samskrita Samsthana; 2002; 339p.
26. Agnivesha. Charaka Samhitha. (Ayurveda Dipika Commentary of Chakrapanidatta). Yadavji Trikamji Acharya, editor. Chikitsa Sthana 17. 5^th Edn. Varanasi: Chaukambha Sanskrit Sansthan; 2001;537p.
27. Sushrutha. Sushrutha Samhita. Yadavji Trikamji Acharya, editor. Uttaratantra 51. 8^th Edn. Varanasi: Krishnadas Academy; 1998; 764p.
28. Vagbhata. Ashtanga Hrudaya (Arunadatta and Hemadri Commentary), Bhisayacharya Harisastri Paradkar, editor. Chikitsa Sthana 4 Reprint Edn. Varanasi: Krishnadas Academy; 2000; 605p.
29. Indradev Tripathi, Daya Shankar Tripathi, editors. Yoga Ratnakara. Shwasa Rogadhyaya. Varanasi: KrishnadasAchademy; 1998; 346p.
30. Rajeshwara Data Shastry, editor. Baishajya Ratnavali. 17th Edn. Varanasi: Chaukambha Samskrit Samsthana; 2002;339p.
31. Mishra S.N. Bhashajyaratnavali, Siddhipradha Hindi Commentary, Shwasrogadhikara Chaukhambha Bharati Academy, Varanasi Reprint 2021. P.470
32. Mishra S.N., Bhashajyaratnavali, Siddhipradha                                 Hindi Commentary, Hiccough- Shwasrogadhikara Chaukhambha Bharati Academy, Varanasi Reprint 2021. P.470
33. Mishra         S.N., Bhashajyaratnavali, Siddhipradha Hindi Commentary, Hiccough- Shwasrogadhikara Chaukhambha Bharati Academy, Varanasi Reprint 2021. P.469
34. Mishra S.N., Bhashajyaratnavali, Siddhipradha Hindi Commentary, Yakshmarogadhikara Chaukhambha Bharati Academy, Varanasi Reprint 2021. P.436
35. Mishra S.N., Bhashajyaratnavali, Siddhipradha Hindi Commentary Yakshmarogadhikara Chaukhambha Bharati Academy, Varanasi Reprint 2021. P.437
36. Vaidya Ranjitrai Desai. Nidaan chikitsahastamlaka. Shree Baidyanath ayurved bhavan private limited, 2010; 7.
37. Raje V.N, Yadav AV, Shelar PA. Coccinia indica-A Phytopharmacological Review. Research Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 2013; 5(1): 9-14.
38. Sikarwar Indu, Wanjari Manish, Baghel Satyendra Singh, Vashishtha Pranav. A Review on Phytopharmacological Studies On Chenopodium album Linn. Indo american journal of pharmaceutical research, 2013; 3: 3089-98.
39. Nyeem Mohammed, Rashid AKM, Nowrose Meher, Hossain Md. Solanum nigrum (Maku): A review of pharmacological activities and clinical effects. International Journal of Applied Research, 2017; 3(1): 12-17.
40. Singh R.P, Murthy Chidambara, Jayaprakasha G.K, Studies on the antioxidant activity of Pomegranate (Punica granatum) peel and seed extracts using in vitro models. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2002; 50: 81-86.
41. Shalini V, Shobha Bhasker, Helen A. Anti-inflammatory activity of Oryza sativa L. (Njavara). Journal of Natural Remedies, 2011; 11: 24-30.
42. Kumar Ganesan, Baojun Xu.A critical review on phytochemical profile and health promoting effects of mung bean (Vigna radiata). Food Science and Human Wellness, 2018; 7: 11-33.
43. Chakraborty R1, De B, Devanna N, Sen S. Antitussive, expectorant activity of Marsilea minuta L., an Indian vegetable. J Adv Pharm Technol Res., Jan, 2013; 4(1): 61-4.
44. Mukherjee Kaustab, Paul Pramathadhip, Banerjee Enna Ray. Anti-inflammatory activities of Date Palm extracts (Phoenix sylvestris L). Antioxidants, 2014; 3: 1-21.
45. Sharma Shveta, Sharma Jagmohan, Kaur Gurpreet. Therapeutic uses of Elettaria cardomum. International journal of drug formulation and research, 2011; 2(6): 102-8.
46. Shah Ketan, Sheth Devang, Tirgar Pravin et al. Ant inflammatory activity of Triticum aestivum on carrageenan induced paw odema in wistar rats. Pharmacologyonline, 2210; 745-51.
47. Gulhane Harshad, Nakanekar Amit, Mahakal Nilesh. Gomutra (cow urine): a multidimensional drug review article. International Journal of Research in Ayurveda and Pharmacy, 2017; 8(5): 1-6.
48. Mathew E.L., Sindhu G., Helen A. Dolichos biflorus exhibits anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties in an acute inflammatory model. Journal of food and drug analysis, 2014; 22: 455-62.
49. Arreola R, Quintero-Fabián S, López-Roa RI, Flores-Gutiérrez EO, Reyes-Grajeda JP, Carrera-Quintanar L, Ortuño-Sahagún D. Immunomodulation and Anti- Inflammatory Effects of Garlic Compounds. J Immunol Res. 2015;2015: Article ID 401630, 13 p.
50. Pandey S, Gupta RK. Screening of Nutritional, Phytochemical, Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activity of Chenopodiumalbum (Bathua). J Pharmacogn Phytochem. 2014; 3(3):1-9p.
51. Sen K, Goel A, Rawal S, Mahajan N, Baboo S, Alok S. Antimicrobial Activity ofBasella rubra Leaves. Int J Pharm Sci Res.Feb 1, 2010; 1(2):88-91p.
52. Jirillo F, Magrone T. Anti-Inflammatoryand Anti-Allergic Properties of Donkey’s and Goat’s Milk. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets (Formerly Current Drug Targets-Immune, Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders). Mar 1,2014;14(1):27-37p.
53. Kamaruzaman NA, Sulaiman SA, Kaur G, Yahaya B. Inhalation of honey reduces airway inflammation and histopathological changes in a rabbit model of ovalbumin- induced chronic asthma. BMC complementary and alternative medicine. 2014 Dec; 14(1): 176.
54. Sharma H, Zhang X, Dwivedi C. The Effect of Ghee (Clarified Butter) on Serum Lipid Levels and Microsomal Lipid Peroxidation.Ayu. Apr 2010; 31(2):134-140p.
55. Rahman S, Parvin R. Therapeutic Potentialof Aegle marmelos (L.): An Overview. Asian Pac J Trop Dis. Feb 1, 2014;4(1):71-7p.
56. Sashuta Samhita uttarkhand chapter 41 Sloka 8-9, by prof. K.R. Shrikanth Murthy. chaukhamba Orientalia Varanasi, Edition-Second, 2005; 252.