Authors : Achiza Mushagalusa Josué; Ramazani Mukamba Joseph; Assani Pataule Grâce

Volume/Issue : Volume 10 - 2025, Issue 12 - December

Google Scholar : https://tinyurl.com/5n6vtfjz

Scribd : https://tinyurl.com/bdf54nnt

DOI : https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/25dec1400

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Abstract : This paper presents a simulation-based performance analysis of the IEEE ST1A static excitation system for a synchronous generator. This system plays a crucial role in ensuring optimal generator operation by regulating the output voltage and maintaining network stability under disturbances. The main objective is to evaluate the stability, speed, accuracy, and damping characteristics of the voltage regulator. The methodology is based on MATLAB/SIMULINK simulations, enabling a detailed analysis of the ST1A model's dynamic behavior under various fault conditions, including single-phase, two-phase, and three-phase faults within an IEEE 9-bus network. The results show that the ST1A system provides fast and precise voltage regulation, minimizing oscillations and enhancing overall system robustness. However, its ability to damp low-frequency electromechanical oscillations is limited. The integration of a multi-band Power System Stabilizer (PSS4B) proves essential to significantly improve damping, reduce settling times, and enhance transient stability. The coordinated ST1A–PSS4B configuration thus represents an effective solution for reliable voltage control and stability enhancement.

Keywords : Synchronous Generator, Excitation System, IEEE ST1A Model, Automatic Voltage Regulator (AVR), Voltage Stability, Transient Response, MATLAB/SIMULINK Simulation, Reactive Power, Power System Stabilizer (PSS), Dynamic Performance.

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