Authors : Jogesh; Chhavi; Sumbul; Pankaj Sharma

Volume/Issue : Volume 11 - 2026, Issue 6 - June

Google Scholar : https://tinyurl.com/4ym9uvns

Scribd : https://tinyurl.com/y32xh9tb

DOI : https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/26jun1088

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Abstract : This paper presents a simulation-based performance analysis of a visible light communication (VLC) system for wireless monitoring in greenhouse farming under different atmospheric conditions. The proposed system employs LED-based transmitters to simultaneously provide illumination and data communication for transmitting sensor information such as temperature, humidity, and soil moisture to a central controller. A MATLAB-based model is developed to evaluate the VLC link for a bit rate of 1 Mbps over transmission distances up to 40 m, considering attenuation coefficients ranging from 0.005 m⁻¹ (clear condition) to 0.18 m⁻¹ (dense fog). The impact of temperature variation (30–40 °C), humidity, dust, and fog on received optical power, bit-error rate (BER), and energy efficiency is analyzed using on–off keying (OOK) and OFDM modulation schemes. Simulation results show that received optical power decreases exponentially with distance and temperature, while BER increases significantly under severe scattering conditions. At 4 dB Eb/N0, OFDM achieves nearly 50% BER improvement compared to OOK and maintains higher energy efficiency in high-attenuation environments. The results demonstrate that atmospheric effects strongly influence VLC reliability, and OFDM-based VLC provides a robust and energy-efficient solution for precision greenhouse farming and smart agriculture applications.

Keywords : Greenhouse, Agriculture, VLC.

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