Authors : Kamalakshi U.; Dr. Malatesh S. H.

Volume/Issue : Volume 11 - 2026, Issue 8 - August

Google Scholar : https://tinyurl.com/27ne2d8z

Scribd : https://tinyurl.com/yn52rsa3

DOI : https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/26aug313

Note : A published paper may take 4-5 working days from the publication date to appear in PlumX Metrics, Semantic Scholar, and ResearchGate.

Abstract : Land ownership management is a critical administrative process that requires secure record maintenance, transparent ownership verification, and efficient property transfer mechanisms. Conventional land registry systems primarily depend on centralized databases and paper-based documentation, making them susceptible to document forgery, unauthorized modifications, duplicate ownership claims, lengthy verification procedures, and administrative inefficiencies. These limitations often result in ownership disputes, reduced public trust, and delays in property transactions. This paper presents a Blockchain-Enabled Secure Land Registry Framework that leverages blockchain technology to establish a decentralized, transparent, and tamper-resistant platform for land registration and ownership management. The proposed system integrates a React.js-based user interface with a Node.js and Express.js backend, while Firebase Authentication and Firebase Firestore manage user authentication, supporting documents, and application data. Ethereum smart contracts developed using Solidity are employed to securely record land registration, government verification, and ownership transfer transactions on the blockchain, with Ganache serving as the blockchain testing environment. Every approved transaction generates a unique blockchain transaction hash, enabling secure verification, complete traceability, and immutable ownership history. The hybrid architecture combines the scalability of cloud-based data management with the integrity of blockchain technology to ensure efficient record retrieval while preventing unauthorized alterations. The implemented framework demonstrates secure land registration, transparent ownership transfer, simplified government verification, and reliable auditability with minimal operational complexity. The proposed solution provides a scalable and cost-effective approach for modern digital land administration and establishes a strong foundation for future integration with national land registries, electronic identity verification, GIS-based property mapping, and mobile-enabled citizen services.

Keywords : Blockchain, Land Record Management, Land Registry, Ethereum, Smart Contracts, Solidity, Firebase Firestore, Firebase Authentication, React.js, Node.js, Ganache, Decentralized Ledger, Property Ownership Verification, Ownership Transfer, Data Integrity, Tamper-Resistant Records.

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